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J-M267 was found in mos North Africans except the Tuareg and Amizmiz Valley Moroccan
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Djehuti Nobody is saying J1 is African; however YOU are arguing that J1 is of northern origin, specifically from the Caucasus, judging by your posts here as well as this silly map you posted in another thread: [/QUOTE] [QUOTE]Originally posted by xyyman: E and J1 is of Great Lakes/Sudan origin. http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=008777;p=1 [/QUOTE] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Troll Patrol aka Ish Gebor: the more Hg J is being studied the more it shows the Arabian Peninsula is actually a direct African subset. http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=reply;f=8;t=008783;replyto=000001 [/QUOTE] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Djehuti: [Originally posted by Djehuti: J1 has its highest frequency and diversity in Arabia especially south Arabia among black types. [/QUOTE]J1 [b]Kubachi 99.0% Balanovsky 2011 Kaitak 85.0% Balanovsky 2011[/b] Avars 59.0% Balanovsky 2011 Dargins 70.0% Balanovsky 2011 Yemen 72.6% Chiaroni 2009 Sudan (Khartoum) 74.3% Chiaroni 2009 Sudan-Arabic 17.1% Chiaroni 2009 Sudan (Nilo-Saharan languages) 4.9% Chiaroni 2009 Hassan Bedouin Negev 67.9% Chiaroni 2009 Ismaili Damascus 58.8% Chiaroni 2009 Syria 33.6% El-Sibai 2009 Ethiopia Oromo 2.6% Chiaroni 2009 Ethiopia Amhara 29.2% Chiaroni 2009 Ethiopia Arsi 22% Moran 2004 Ethiopia General 21% Moran 2004 Iran 2.7% 8.7% Chiaroni 2009 Regueiro 2006 Kurds Iraq 11.8% 4.3% 7.5% Chiaroni 2009 Assyrians modern Iraq 28.6% Chiaron 2009 Iraq (Nassiriya) 26.8% Chiaroni 2009 Tofanelli 2009 Assyrians Iran 16.1% Chiaroni 2009 __________________________________________________ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19826455 Eur J Hum Genet. 2010 Mar;18(3):348-53. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.166. Epub 2009 Oct 14. Eur J Hum Genet. 2010 Mar;18[3]:348-53. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.166. Epub 2009 Oct 14. [b]The emergence of Y-chromosome haplogroup J1e among Arabic-speaking populations. Chiaroni J, [/b] Abstract Haplogroup J1 is a prevalent Y-chromosome lineage within the Near East. We report the frequency and YSTR diversity data for its major sub-clade [J1e]. The overall expansion time estimated from 453 chromosomes is 10,000 years. Moreover, the previously described J1 [DYS388=13] chromosomes, frequently found in the Caucasus and eastern Anatolian populations, were ancestral to J1e and displayed an expansion time of 9000 years. For J1e,{b} the Zagros/Taurus mountain region [Iran/Iraq] displays the highest haplotype diversity,{/b] although the J1e frequency increases toward the peripheral Arabian Peninsula. The southerly pattern of decreasing expansion time estimates is consistent with the serial drift and founder effect processes. The first such migration is predicted to have occurred at the onset of the Neolithic, and accordingly J1e parallels the establishment of rain-fed agriculture and semi-nomadic herders throughout the Fertile Crescent. Subsequently, J1e lineages might have been involved in episodes of the expansion of pastoralists into arid habitats coinciding with the spread of Arabic and other Semitic-speaking populations. revious studies of J1-M2672, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 have found it to occur at high frequencies among the Arabic-speaking populations of the Middle East, conventionally interpreted as reflecting the spread of Islam in the first millennium CE.8 However, before the middle first millennium CE, a variety of Semitic languages were spoken throughout the Middle East. Recently, historical linguists9 have constructed novel classification trees of the Semitic languages in which the first split from the root of Proto-Semitic separated into East Semitic [Akkadian, Assyrian, Babylonian and Eblaite] and West Semitic. West Semitic then partitions into Ethiopic, Modern South Arabian [spoken in areas of Oman and Yemen] and the core cluster of Central Semitic. Central Semitic would then include the languages of Yemen [Old South Arabian], Arabic and the Northwest Semitic languages of the Levant – Ugaritic, Hebrew, Phoenician and Aramaic.9, 10, 11, 12 Not only have linguists reconstructed the phylogeny of Semitic languages, but also they have dated Proto-Semitic's age to the Chalcolithic Era, circa 5500-3500 BCE.13 In addition to the common Semitic language substrate found throughout the Levant and Arabian Peninsula, recent archeological studies have shown an early presence [ca. 6000–7000 BCE] of domesticated herding in the arid steppe desert regions.14 Table 1 shows the average variance and expansion times of J1e with their linguistic and archeological correlates from those populations with five or more samples; the Assyrians of Syria, Iraq, Turkey and Iran were amalgamated into one group and the Arab populations of Qatar, UAE and Saudi Arabia were also combined. The mean variance across the 19 populations in Table 1 correlates significantly with latitude [r=0.36, P<0.035, two-tailed Kendall's τ] and nonsignificantly with longitude [r=0.02, NS]. This result supports the hypothesis that the origin of J1e is likely in the more northerly populations in Table 1 and spreads southward into the Arabian Peninsula [Figure 1f]. The high YSTR variance of J1e in Turks and Syrians [Table 1, Figure 1e] supports the inference of an origin of J1e in nearby eastern Anatolia. Moreover, the network analysis of J1e haplotypes [Figure 2b] shows that some of the populations with low diversity, such as Bedouins from Israel, Qatar, Sudan and UAE, are tightly clustered near high-frequency haplotypes suggesting founder effects with star burst expansion in the Arabian Desert. [b]The series of expansion times [Table 1] is also consistent with a subsequent Neolithic range expansion of J1e from a geographical zone, including northeast Syria, northern Iraq and eastern Turkey toward Mediterranean Anatolia, Ismaili from southern Syria, Jordan, Palestine and northern Egypt. Although there is a trend between the mean variances and the expansion time estimates, the latter do not uniformly increase with variance [Table 1] as some populations likely have more than one J1e founder. Support for this explanation involves cases in which there is the presence of two distinct varieties of YCAII chromosomes, namely, 19, 22 and 22, 22, whereas those with low mean diversity typically just reflect the 22, 22 class [Supplementary Table 2]. A network analysis of J1e chromosomes [Figure 2b] also reflects situations of multiple founders. Although the haplogroup diversification within J1e remains incomplete, the somewhat rare J1e1-M368 provides an insight into the geographical origin of J1e. It has been reported both in the Black Sea region of Turkey1 and Dagestan in the northeast Caucasus.[/b] Table 1 lists the current languages and the first millennium BCE Iron Age languages spoken in the geographical regions from which the samples were collected. Tracking back to the Iron Age, all the branches of the Central Semitic languages are represented – NW Semitic, Arabic and Old South Arabian in the Levantine and Yemeni sampling regions. The Assyrian samples and Iraqi Kurdish samples have been drawn from areas in Northern Mesopotamia speaking East Semitic languages at the time. [b]The current data suggest an origin of J1e in the general area of eastern Turkey/northern Iraq associated with the Zarzian horizon,23, 24, 25 as they have similar early pre-agricultural expansions [16 kya, Table 1].[/b] A recent Bayesian analysis of Semitic languages supports an origin in the Levant 5750 years ago and subsequent arrival in the Horn of Africa from Arabia 2800 years ago,11 thus providing an indirect support of our phylogenetic clock estimates. It is important to note that the glottochronological dates yield estimates for the break-up and expansion of the Proto-Semitic language. Proto-Semitic, itself, may have been spoken in a localized linguistic community for millennia before its bifurcation into the East and West Semitic branches. In summary, haplogroup J1e data suggest an advance of the Neolithic period agriculturalists/pastoralists into the arid regions of Arabia from the Fertile Crescent and support an association with a Semitic linguistic common denominator.1 [/QB][/QUOTE]
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