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Chad Genetic Diversity : Multiple Eurasian Migrations 2016
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Ish Gebor: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Swenet: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Oshun: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Swenet: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [qb] Haplogroup R-V88 is thought to originated in thew Cameroon/Chad region [/qb][/QUOTE]You might wanna revisit [URL=http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=009543;p=1#000018]that post[/URL]. The 7ky old V88 Y chromosome in Iberia casts doubt on V88 originating in West/Central Africa. It can't be in West/Central Africa and Iberia at the same time so close to its estimated age. You're better off stating that most or all of the [i]current[/i] variation of R-V88 comes from the Cameroon/Chad region. I think you might have missed that extra information because I see that you quoted an [URL=http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=009543;p=1#000019]older version[/URL] of that post at the time that doesn't contain the caveats I put in there. [/qb][/QUOTE]But weren't Iberians around this time Africans? :confused: 2005 Eva Fernández Domínguez [b]Nerja, Málaga (Spain)[/b] NE-NM82.2 (Sample Name 2NE): Haplogroup J*: 17000-20000 NE-NAP (Sample Name 4NE): Haplogroup L1b: 2,260 BC NE-1829 (Sample Name 5NE): Haplogroup L1b: 5.875±80 A.P. [b]Tres Montes, Navarra (Spain)[/b] TM-3: (sample name: 1TM2): Haplogroup L2: 4130 A.P TM-6: (sample name: 1TM4): Haplogroup L2: 4130 A.P TM-6: (sample name: 2TM4): Haplogroup H/K: 4130 A.P TM-8: (sample name: 1TM5) Haplogroup J* : 4130 A.P TM-11: (sample name: 1TM6) Haplogroup L2: 4130 A.P TM-18: (sample: 1TM11) Haplogroup L2: 4130 A.P [b]Toledo, Portugal[/b] K-13 (Sample Name: TO1): Haplogroup L3a: 9200-7800 A.P. [/qb][/QUOTE]I wouldn't go as far as to say that contemporary Iberians as a whole are biologically Africans, just that they likely had substantially more African ancestry than contemporary mainland Bronze Age Europeans away from coastal areas in reach of Africans. As I told Clyde, read the post I linked to for context of what I said. In that post I said that the Iberian R-V88 carrier might be a North African branch independent of the V88 that ended up going to West/Central Africa. So, I didn't bring up Iberian V88 to argue it originated there. I was trying to argue that it's unlikely that ALL North African V88 headed to West/Central Africa. Remember that V88 got introduced to the ancestors of Chadic speakers at a time when Chadic and Berber might have still been a common language with, or at least in contact with, proto-Berber. In that case, some carriers could have stayed in North Africa, while some carriers went south. The southern branch could then have later migrated to North Africa again, explaining why R-V88 in Siwa Berbers and other North Africans looks at least partly like a West/Central African ancestry (as opposed to a North African one). [/qb][/QUOTE]Swenet, do you think some of these L* markers (posted by Oshun ) could relate to Southern Tuareg populations? [QUOTE][b]The haplogroup R1b1a (R-V88) was found with a frequency of 8% in the village of Al Awaynat. Generally, haplogroup R and its subsets are spread in Eurasia as far as Siberia[/b] (Karafet et al., 2008; Chiaroni et al., 2009; Lancaster, 2010). Nevertheless, R1b1a has been observed at high frequencies in Northwest Africa (27% in the Egyptian Berbers), with peaks in the Chadic-speaking populations from Central Africa, ranging from 29 to 96% in Cameroon, and very rarely is found outside Africa (Cruciani et al., 2010a,b). This haplogroup has been proposed to represent the paternal genetic signature of the mid-Holocene migration of proto-Chadic Afro-asiatic speakers across the Central Sahara to Lake Chad (Ehret, 2002; Cruciani et al., 2010a); this suggests a link between Chadic speakers and other Afro-Asiatic speakers to the north of the Sahara. [b]In the eight-microsatellite Network analysis of R1b1a chromosomes from Northern and Central Africa (Fig. S2), the Libyan Tuareg R1b1a Y-chromosomes were found to belong to a branch characterized exclusively by haplotypes from Central Africa, more particularly from the Chad area (Cruciani et al., 2010a).[/b] This may be likely explained by recent introduction through the slavery practices mentioned above. [b]Nonetheless, the hypothesis that the Libyan Tuareg R1b1a haplotypes may be relics of the migration of Pastoral proto-Chadic speakers, as hypothesized by the ‘‘trans-Saharan’’ hypothesis (Ehret, 2002; Cruciani et al., 2010a), cannot be ruled out [/b] [/QUOTE]--Claudio Ottoni, et al. (2011) Deep Into the Roots of the Libyan Tuareg: A Genetic Survey of Their Paternal Heritage [/QB][/QUOTE]
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