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Because some fools don't know how to make their own thread about the race of kemet
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Cass/Dead/Krom/Atlantid: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Ish Gebor: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by JoshuaConnerMoon: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Oshun: And anyone could argue "Europe" is much too large and to focus on specific ethnic groups or countries. You chose to say "Europe" because it fits your history of white supremacist, Eurocentrism. Europe being "just right" in size is Eurocentric. I chose to say Africa because compared populations in Africa are often not consistent in research.[/QUOTE]Africa is three times larger in size than Europe (km˛). That is why it isn't used as a geographical label to cluster populations in studies because you end up with far too heterogeneous populations (genetic distances between European populations are [i]a lot smaller[/i] than between African populations). This has been demonstrated since Nei and Roychoudry (1972) and Cavilli-Sforza et al (1994). You're only clinging to an African cluster to suit your political interests (pan-Africanism). My focus is non-broad clustering and always has been; I never said I preferred a "European" grouping you dunce. What I said is since Europe is a lot smaller than Africa - it is more useful because the population samples are closer genetically/craniometrically (but [b]not[/b] in pigmentation). My actual focus has been local levels of analysis, hence why I posted the AE's are Egyptians, i.e the only people who can claim biological affinity to them are modern Egyptians and northern Sudanese/southern levant peoples (4 years ago - I said Copts). This is complete opposite of your agenda to try to lump Egyptians with western sub-Saharan Africans (people with completely different morphologies etc.). [/qb][/QUOTE]Also west Africans have great morphological diversity, contrary the believe they don't. Your source on genetics is actually a bit dated, 1972, 1994? But in biological terms, indeed Northern Sudanese and Southern-Middle Egyptians can claim to have the closest affinities. The North becomes debatable more and more. [IMG]https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/76/81/40/7681403db2e4d6f4c7466f30a8be12dd.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]http://oi60.tinypic.com/24fidc7.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_uqlFudEVY8U/SvDGxpaZ92I/AAAAAAAAAB0/uAFqA5FWPT4/s640/E-M78_phylogeny.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]http://oi61.tinypic.com/kmhlc.jpg[/IMG] [QUOTE] E-M78 subclades The distribution of E-M78 subclades among Sudanese is shown in Table 2. Only two chromosomes fell under the paragroup E-M78*. E-V65 and E-V13 were completely absent in the samples analyzed, whereas the other subclades were relatively common. E-V12* accounts for 19.3% and is widely distributed among Su- danese. E-V32 (51.8%) is by far the most common sub-clades among Sudanese. It has the highest frequency among populations of western Sudan and Beja. [b]E-V22 accounts for 27.2% and its highest frequency appears to be among Fulani, but it is also common in Nilo-Saharan speaking groups. [/b] [...] [i]The Fulani, who possess the lowest population size in this study, have an interesting genetic structure, effectively consisting of two haplogroups or founding lineages. One of the lineages is R-M173 (53.8%), and its sheer frequency suggests either a recent migration of this group to Africa and/or a restricted gene flow due to linguistic or cultural barriers. The high frequency of sub-clade E-V22, which is believed to be northeast African (Cruciani et al., 2007) and haplogroup R-M173, suggests an amalgamation of two populations/cultures that took place sometime in the past in eastern or central Africa. This is also evident from the frequency of the ‘‘T’’ allele of the lactase persistence gene that is uniquely present in considerable frequencies among the Fulani (Mulcare et al., 2004). Interestingly, Fulani language is classified in the Niger-Congo family of languages, which is more prevalent in West Africa and among Bantu speakers, yet their Y-chromosomes show very little evidence of West African genetic affiliation. [b]It seems, however, that the effective size of the pastorlists and nomadic pastoralists is generally much smaller than groups of sedentary agriculturalists life style. This is intriguing in the sense that one would expect nomadic tribes to be more able to admix, spread, and receive genes than their sedentary counterparts.[/i][/b] [/QUOTE]--Hisham Y. Hassan, Peter A. Underhill, Luca L. Cavalli-Sforza, and Muntaser E. Ibrahim Y-Chromosome Variation Among Sudanese: Restricted Gene Flow, Concordance With Language, Geography, and History [/qb][/QUOTE]"Caucasoid" features are not found at high frequency in west sub-Saharan African populations. Broad-featured west sub-Saharan Africans might want this to be the case because they despise their phenotype, but here's a reality check- Nigerian nasal index: "The commonest type of nasal variability is Type A (70.5%), Platyrrhine nose, Type B (26.7%) especially in females (mesorrhine) and Type C (leptorrhine) (2.8%)." https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22030966 So only 3% of Nigerians have narrow noses. O dear. The mantra "Sub-Saharans have the greatest phenotypic variation" Afrocentrists spam on this forum [i]ad nauseam[/i] ignores the geographical structure of this variation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, it is not the case that "Caucasoid" features are common across the whole of East Africa, with the exception of some northern Ethiopian populations and Somalis and even then these "Caucasoid" traits at high frequency are confined to the nasal/mid-facial part of the skull, not other regions. Hence Somalis do [i]not[/i] plot close to Europeans in craniometric analyses that use many measurements covering all surface-area of the skull (see Howells' data on East Africans). [/QB][/QUOTE]
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