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Ancient Tanzanian Pastoralist results... VERY interesting stuff!
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by xyyman: [QB] I did not write this….honest. He! HE! HE! 1. San Peoples probably occupied all of Africa maybe into Europe 2. Modern West Africans are probably new to West Africa 3. Modern West African carry very archaic admixture(Dienekes and I). 4. Europeans are a sub-set of Africans Quote SUMMARY We assembled genome-wide data from 16 prehistoric Africans. We show that the anciently divergent lineage that comprises the primary ancestry of the southern African [b]San had a wider distribution in the past, contributing approximately two-thirds of the ancestry of Malawi hunter-gatherers 8,100–[/b] 2,500 years ago and approximately one-third of the ancestry of Tanzanian hunter-gatherers 1,400 years ago. We document how the spread of farmers from [b]western Africa involved complete replacement[/b] of local hunter-gatherers in some regions, and we track the spread of herders by showing that the population of a 3,100-year-old pastoralist from [b]Tanzania contributed ancestry to people from northeastern to southern Africa,[/b] including a 1,200-year old southern African pastoralist. The deepest diversifications of African lineages were complex, involving either repeated gene flow among geographically disparate groups or a [b]lineage MORE deeply diverging than that of the San contributing more to some western African [/b]populations than to others. We finally leverage ancient genomes to document episodes of natural selection in southern African populations. INTRODUCTION Africa harbors more genetic diversity than any other part of the world (Cann et al., 1987; Tishkoff et al., 2009). This is reflected both in a higher average number of differences among sub- Saharan African genomes than among non-African genomes (Cann et al., 1987; Ramachandran et al., 2005) and in the fact that the [b]ancestry found outside of Africa is largely a subset of that within it[/b] (Tishkoff et al., 2009). Today, some of the earliest branching African lineages are present only in populations with relatively small census sizes, including the southern African Khoe-San (see STAR Methods for terminology), central African rainforest hunter-gatherers, and Hadza of Tanzania (Gronau et al., 2011; Schlebusch et al., 2012; Veeramah et al., 2012). [/QB][/QUOTE]
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