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3 interesting abstracts about Ancient Egypt, Soqotra, Pastoral Neolithic Sahara.
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Swenet: [QB] Was reminded of this when I read the Takarkori abstract, but was too lazy to go find it. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Swenet: [QUOTE]Preliminary results obtained from ancient DNA studies are presented in Chapter 13, by Carla Babalini and co-workers. Mitochondrial DNA extraction was attempted upon a sub-sample of human teeth from ten individuals. The mtDNA locus was selected due to its maternal inheritance pattern, high copy number, simple structure and relatively fast rate of mutational change. Analysis was undertaken upon the two hypervariable regions and region V. [b]The authors report that the mtDNA from the individuals from site 96/129 was reasonably distinct from that obtained from the other sampled material. Only one individual was fully characterised, and was found to be a member of an African haplotype (L3).[/b][/QUOTE]Zakrzewski, Review Submitted: March 2004 [/QUOTE][QUOTE]Originally posted by Swenet: Zakrezewski says of the genetically ''reasonably distinct'' site that yielded mtDNA L3: [QUOTE]The fifth chapter consists of descriptions of the excavations undertaken. Some clear accounts are given of the tumulus excavations, such as the sequence of burials in tumuli 1 & 2 at site 96/129 near Tahalla. The burials consist of a vast range of biologically aged individuals, from neonates, through children and juveniles, to mature adults. These skeletons are found in association with grave goods, including beads (stone, ostrich egg-shell and faience), carinated scrapers and bifacial arrowheads etc. Detail is provided as to the phasing of the construction of the tumuli through analysis of the changing tumuli complex shapes. The authors suggest, with little evidence provided, that this is associated with a change from kinship linkage to the assertion of social ranking in groups. There is much interpretation of the archaeological evidence, and potentially some over-interpretation of the data, such as hypothesising over potential sacrifice of the female in Tumulus 3bis (H1) and its presumed association with the male in Tumulus 3 (H2) at site 96/129, or of the potential mother and child in Tumulus 10 (H2 and H4 respectively) again at site 96/129. When site 96/129 was selected for excavation it was believed to represent a single middle to large cemetery of Late Pastoral phase. [b]Excavation indicated that it dated to the start of the 4th millennium BP and ended around 2500 BP (and thus overlapped with the start of the Garamantian phase).[/b] In the following chapter however, describing the textiles and leather, the same site is simply described as a Late Pastoral cemetery, radiocarbon dated to 3800-2700 BP.[/QUOTE][/QUOTE]I decided to finally search for this Libyan mtDNA data after teading this, in the Djehutinakth paper Lioness posted: [i]However, [b]nearly all of the remains excavated in the Northern part of the continent belong to Eurasian mtDNA lineages [63,67,74,89,90]. In fact, of the 114 mtDNA genomes now available from northern African ancient human remains, only one belongs to an African lineage (L3 observed in a skeleton from Abusir el-Meleq [74]). The deep presence of Eurasian mtDNA lineages in Northern Africa has, therefore, been clearly established[/b] with these recent reports and offers further support for the authenticity of the Eurasian mtDNA sequence observed in the Djehutynakht mummy.[/i] Biological Sexing of a 4000-Year-Old Egyptian Mummy Head to Assess the Potential of Nuclear DNA Recovery from the Most Damaged and Limited Forensic Specimens https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5867856/ I looked at those 5 references (63,67,74,89,90) and, unsurprisingly, they're all late samples, while the Libyan L3 and non-Eurasian(?) HVS-I mito haplotypes above are older. In the later Libyan samples we see a change to Eurasian HVS-I mito haplotypes. Again, unsurprising, as this Libyan aDNA (5000-3500 BP) is simply reflecting the change to Eurasian DNA over time, that we also see in Egypt. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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