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defenition of the haratins for Djehuti and me (because i had given an incorrect answer):
quote: HARATIN Haratin is derived from the Arabic word freedom, yet they are believed to be the wretched of the Mauritanian desert. In Mauritania the term has been applied on former slaves whereas the current slaves are called abid, singular abd. Both categories are still economically and culturally attached to their present or former Arab masters (Mercer, 1982, Africa Watch, Paringaux, 1990). The Harantins are of negroid descent who were kidnapped into slavery by the Arab Mauritanians (Diallo, 1989, Africa Watch, 1990. They have lost
almost every aspect of their African origin but their black colou

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This is only Mauritania. Haratin don't just live in Mauritania but also in regions like Morocco,Libya and southern Algeria. The Mauritanian Haratin might have a slave origin but the ones attached to the Tuareg are indigenous Oasis dwellers that were implimented into the Tuareg caste system. Even your Berber scholar named Helene Hagan says that the Haratin are indigenous dwellers of the Sahara.