quote:Originally posted by Mansamusa: On a side note, Twitter archaeologists are beginning to roast the big labs for their crackpottery, especially in light of the new Philistine study, claiming European origin for them:
quote:Originally posted by the questioner: The lioness why do these pictures upset you so much? Their just pictures of the authors of the article. whats the big fuss?
She's mad because you call her people (whites) into question.
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quote:Originally posted by the questioner: The lioness why do these pictures upset you so much? Their just pictures of the authors of the article. whats the big fuss?
She's mad because you call her people (whites) into question.
quote:Originally posted by Mansamusa: On a side note, Twitter archaeologists are beginning to roast the big labs for their crackpottery, especially in light of the new Philistine study, claiming European origin for them:
Benjamin Netanyahu seems to have no problem with this theory.
quote: The Bible mentions a place called Caphtor, which is probably modern-day Crete. There’s no connection between the ancient Philistines & the modern Palestinians, whose ancestors came from the Arabian Peninsula to the Land of Israel thousands of years later.
quote:I am an Ethiopian Orthodox Christian, from one of the oldest churches in the world. Our Bible clearly says ፍልስጥኤም in our ancient language which is Philistene. Philistene is Palestine. Israel is the name of Jacob and not the name of the land.
quote:Originally posted by Mansamusa: On a side note, Twitter archaeologists are beginning to roast the big labs for their crackpottery, especially in light of the new Philistine study, claiming European origin for them:
Benjamin Netanyahu seems to have no problem with this theory.
quote: The Bible mentions a place called Caphtor, which is probably modern-day Crete. There’s no connection between the ancient Philistines & the modern Palestinians, whose ancestors came from the Arabian Peninsula to the Land of Israel thousands of years later.
quote:I am an Ethiopian Orthodox Christian, from one of the oldest churches in the world. Our Bible clearly says ፍልስጥኤም in our ancient language which is Philistene. Philistene is Palestine. Israel is the name of Jacob and not the name of the land.
It's getting worse. Ethiopians are now descended from Minoans, mudderfucking Minoans and Sea people!
quote:A tentative links between these three groups may be provided by the maritime trade routes connecting Crete (home to the Minoan culture) to the Levant and by the shuffling role played by a horde of nomads who navigated throughout the Mediterranean Sea 3 kya: the Sea People These tribes left traces of their passage both in Crete, in Anatolia, when they fought the Hittite Empire and in Egypt and the Levant, and are told to have settled in the land of Canaan, known also as Palestine Interestingly, among those tribes that settled in Palestine there were: Denyen, Tjeker and 92 Peleset. Although there are different theories around the origin of each of the tribes, there are suggestions that link the Denyen with the tribe of Dan, from which Jews from Ethiopia have been said to descend and Peleset to their neighboring Philistines . The role of Sea People may therefore be crucial in explaining a temporary presence of a Minoan-like ancestry in the Levant, bringing Anatolian-like components to levels as high as 85%.
A pulse of populations with Anatolian-rich ancestry has just been recently detected in Iron Age Levant, appearing and disappearing from the archaeological record within a range of few centuries .
Our results offer a solution to this disappearance, given that their signal may have become erased as a consequence of major warfare after 1000 BCE14 100 , bringing these genetic components towards 101 Ethiopia and North Africa
So let us finalize the puzzle and get to the nitty-gritty. We have to think many steps ahead, play chess not checkers.
I remember about 14 years ago there was a paper explaining the Somalis were the descendants of the exploring Sea People.
quote: Early Greek Contact with Africa
The earliest known contact between Greece and Africa occurred in the Bronze Age, during the fourteenth century BCE, when the Minoans began to trade with Egypt. The first narratives mentioning Greek contact with Africa are in the Homeric poems, which date to the eighth century BCE.
[...]
Archaeological finds in Egypt indicate that the Minoan trade network extended to Africa. As early as the Middle Kingdom (2030–1640 BCE), Egypt had pottery decorated in the Minoan style.
[...]
Minoans appear in several Theban tomb paintings from the reigns of Hatshepsut (c. 1479–1458 BCE), Thutmose III (c. 1479–1425 BCE) and Amenhotep II (c. 1428–1397 BCE). The paintings show men labeled as being from Keftiu (see below on this place name) carrying items including metal ingots identical in shape to ingots found on Crete.
So if the ancient Egyptians left traces of these people in their art, it's now an easy task to look up what Minoans looked like, or may have looked like.
quote: The Minoan mtDNA haplotypes resembled those of the European populations (Figs 2b, 3a and 4; Supplementary Figs S1–S3). The majority of Minoans were classified in haplogroups H (43.2%) , ... Given that the timing of the first Neolithic inhabitants to reach Crete 9,000 YBP coincides with the migration of Neolithic farmers out of Anatolia, it is highly probable that the same ancestral population that spread to Europe, also spread to Crete and contributed to the founding of the early Minoan civilization.
~Jeffery R. Hughey et al. A European population in Minoan Bronze Age Crete Nature Communications volume 4, Article number: 1861 (2013) http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms2871
quote: Haplogroup H dominates present-day Western European mitochondrial DNA variability (>40%), yet was less common (~19%) among Early Neolithic farmers (~5450 BC) and virtually absent in Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Here we investigate this major component of the maternal population history of modern Europeans and sequence 39 complete haplogroup H mitochondrial genomes from ancient human remains. We then compare this 'real-time' genetic data with cultural changes taking place between the Early Neolithic (~5450 BC) and Bronze Age (~2200 BC) in Central Europe. Our results reveal that the current diversity and distribution of haplogroup H were largely established by the Mid Neolithic (~4000 BC), but with substantial genetic contributions from subsequent pan-European cultures such as the Bell Beakers expanding out of Iberia in the Late Neolithic (~2800 BC). Dated haplogroup H genomes allow us to reconstruct the recent evolutionary history of haplogroup H and reveal a mutation rate 45% higher than current estimates for human mitochondria.
quote: The dates for subhaplogroups H1 and H3 (13,000 and 10,000 years, respectively) in Iberian and North African populations allow for this possibility. Kefi et al.’s (2005)
~Frigi et al.
quote: -"Taforalt is 14-15 kya and the YDNA was mainly E-V68, East Africa"
-“So far, three individuals who are in E-V68 but not E-M78 have been reported in Sardinia."
-"E-V1083* Found only in Eritrea (1.1%) and Sardinia (0.3%)"
quote: Within E-M35, there are striking parallels between two haplogroups, E-V68 and E-V257. Both contain a lineage which has been frequently observed in Africa (E-M78 and E-M81, respectively) [6], [8], [10], [13]–[16] and a group of undifferentiated chromosomes that are mostly found in southern Europe (Table S2). An expansion of E-M35 carriers, possibly from the Middle East as proposed by other Authors [14], and split into two branches separated by the geographic barrier of the Mediterranean Sea, would explain this geographic pattern. However, the absence of E-V68* and E-V257* in the Middle East (Table S2) makes a maritime spread between northern Africa and southern Europe a more plausible hypothesis. A detailed analysis of the Y chromosomal microsatellite variation associated with E-V68 and E-V257 could help in gaining a better understanding of the likely timing and place of origin of these two haplogroups.
~Beniamino Trombetta, Fulvio Cruciani et al. (2011)
Posts: 22235 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote: 1 Previous genome-scale studies of populations living today in Ethiopia have found evidence of 2 recent gene flow from an Eurasian source, dating to the last 3,000 years1,2,3,4. Haplotype1 3 and genotype data based analyses of modern2,4 and ancient data (aDNA)3,5 have considered 4 Sardinia-like proxy2, broadly Levantine1,4 or Neolithic Levantine3 populations as a range of 5 possible sources for this gene flow. Given the ancient nature of this gene flow and the extent 6 of population movements and replacements that affected West Asia in the last 3000 years, 7 aDNA evidence would seem as the best proxy for determining the putative population source.
[...]
Overall, whole-genome sequences of all the Ethiopian populations 48 appear closer to ancient Near Eastern populations such as: Minoans, Natufian, Levant Neolithic 49 and Anatolian Neolithic. On the other hand, their NAF components appear closer to popula- 50 tions with a high Anatolian rather than Levantine (such as Minoans, Sardinians and Anatolia 51 Neolithic) component. The highest genetic affinity to the NAF components was observed among 52 North African (Tunisian, Libyan and Moroccan) Jews (See Figure S6), as already seen in the 53 PCA clustering (See Figures 1, S1-S4).
~Ludovica Molinaro, Francesco Montinaro, Toomas Kivisild, Luca Pagani. West Asian sources of the Eurasian component in Ethiopians: a reassessment
quote:R-V88 has been observed at high frequencies in the central Sahel (northern Cameroon, northern Nigeria, Chad and Niger) and it has also been reported at low frequencies in northwestern Africa [37]. Outside the African continent, two rare R-V88 sub-lineages (R-M18 and R-V35) have been observed in Near East and southern Europe (particularly in Sardinia) [30, 37–39]. Because of its ethno-geographic distribution in the central Sahel, R-V88 has been linked to the spread of the Chadic branch of the Afroasiatic linguistic family [37, 40].
[...]
Indeed, our data suggest a European origin of R-V88 about 12.3 kya, considering both the presence of two Sardinian R-V88 basal clades (R-M18 and R-V35) and that the V88 marker arose in the R-M343 background, which in turn includes Near-Eastern/European lineages [52]. It is worth noting that the arrival of R-V88 in the Sahara seems to have occurred between 8.67 and 7.85 kya (considering as an upper limit the time estimates of the last node including a European-specific lineage, while the lower limit is the coalescence age of all the African-specific lineages), refining the time frame of the trans-Saharan migration proposed in previous studies [37, 56]
~D’Atanasio, Trombetta, Bonito, et al., Genome Biology (2018) 19:20. The peopling of the last Green Sahara revealed by high-coverage resequencing of trans-Saharan patrilineages
quote: The isofrequency maps presented by these three groups using the STR M269 (haplogroup R1b1b2 = R-M269) are very similar and correspond to that shown in the present study (Figure 2) concerning the “Basque subclade” (see Figure 3 for the map of Basque words), of the haplogroup M269. The term “Basque subclade” is adopted in this article for the reasons here exposed (in the strict actual sense it could be inadequate). Initial studies (Malaspina et al., 2000; Semino et al., 2000) had suggested that the observed R1b1b2 frequency cline in Europe (from frequencies greater that 70% in Western Europe, decreasing eastward) is due to population expansion from a French-Iberian Ice-Age refugium after the Late Glacial Maximum (LGM), as suggested by the authors. Morelli et al. (2010) calculated the TMRCA (Time to the Most Recent Common Ancestor), based on Sardinian and Anatolian Y chromosomes and employing the “population mutation rate”, estimated the R-M269 lineage to have originated 25,000 - 80,700 years ago. Such a huge variance in the date shows a problem with the calculation methodology. Another calculations (Klyosov, 2012) estimates that haplogroup R1b came to Europe only around 5000 years ago.
It seems to be of great interest to try to understand how the vast majority of Western Europe men (more than 100 million) carry Y chromosomes that belong to the haplogroup R-M269.
The haplogroup R1b1a (R-V88) was found with a frequency of 8% in the village of Al Awaynat. Generally, haplogroup R and its subsets are spread in Eurasia as far as Siberia (Karafet et al., 2008; Chiaroni et al., 2009; Lancaster, 2010). Nevertheless, R1b1a has been observed at high frequencies in Northwest Africa (27% in the Egyptian Berbers), with peaks in the Chadic-speaking populations from Central Africa, ranging from 29 to 96% in Cameroon, and very rarely is found outside Africa (Cruciani et al., 2010a,b). This haplogroup has been proposed to represent the paternal genetic signature of the mid-Holocene migration of proto-Chadic Afro-asiatic speakers across the Central Sahara to Lake Chad (Ehret, 2002; Cruciani et al., 2010a); this suggests a link between Chadic speakers and other Afro-Asiatic speakers to the north of the Sahara.
In the eight-microsatellite Network analysis of R1b1a chromosomes from Northern and Central Africa (Fig. S2), the Libyan Tuareg R1b1a Y-chromosomes were found to belong to a branch characterized exclusively by haplotypes from Central Africa, more particularly from the Chad area (Cruciani et al., 2010a).
This may be likely explained by recent introduction through the slavery practices mentioned above.
Nonetheless, the hypothesis that the Libyan Tuareg R1b1a haplotypes may be relics of the migration of Pastoral proto-Chadic speakers, as hypothesized by the ‘‘trans-Saharan’’ hypothesis (Ehret, 2002; Cruciani et al., 2010a), cannot be ruled out
~Claudio Ottoni, et al. (2011) Deep Into the Roots of the Libyan Tuareg: A Genetic Survey of Their Paternal Heritage
quote: The oldest mixture events appear to be between populations related to sub-Saharan Africans and West Europeans occurring ~3800 BCE, followed closely by a mixture of Sardinian and Caucasus-related populations. Later, several mixture events occurred from 3000 to 1200 BCE involving diverse Eurasian populations (Table 1, Figure 3).
Genetic evidence for an origin of the Armenians from Bronze Age mixing of multiple populations
~Marc Haber et al. European Journal of Human Genetics volume 24, pages 931–936 (2016) Genetic evidence for an origin of the Armenians from Bronze Age mixing of multiple populations
Holfelder didn’t upload raw data for the Sudan paper. And this study’s African samples aren’t publicly available... I beleive we’d have to email Reich. https://ega-archive.org/datasets/EGAD00001005019Posts: 1781 | From: New York | Registered: Jul 2016
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Gebor: These folks are now all over the place, contradicting themselves left and right. It's starting to look like a circus clown act or a freak show.
Remember how they wrote and claimed the Sardinian contribution in Ethiopians about 3Kya, with the Mota specimen?
I suspect the entire thing was the other way around, and they just flipped it upside down.
quote: 1 Previous genome-scale studies of populations living today in Ethiopia have found evidence of 2 recent gene flow from an Eurasian source, dating to the last 3,000 years1,2,3,4. Haplotype1 3 and genotype data based analyses of modern2,4 and ancient data (aDNA)3,5 have considered 4 Sardinia-like proxy2, broadly Levantine1,4 or Neolithic Levantine3 populations as a range of 5 possible sources for this gene flow. Given the ancient nature of this gene flow and the extent 6 of population movements and replacements that affected West Asia in the last 3000 years, 7 aDNA evidence would seem as the best proxy for determining the putative population source.
[...]
Overall, whole-genome sequences of all the Ethiopian populations 48 appear closer to ancient Near Eastern populations such as: Minoans, Natufian, Levant Neolithic 49 and Anatolian Neolithic. On the other hand, their NAF components appear closer to popula- 50 tions with a high Anatolian rather than Levantine (such as Minoans, Sardinians and Anatolia 51 Neolithic) component. The highest genetic affinity to the NAF components was observed among 52 North African (Tunisian, Libyan and Moroccan) Jews (See Figure S6), as already seen in the 53 PCA clustering (See Figures 1, S1-S4).
~Ludovica Molinaro, Francesco Montinaro, Toomas Kivisild, Luca Pagani. West Asian sources of the Eurasian component in Ethiopians: a reassessment
quote:R-V88 has been observed at high frequencies in the central Sahel (northern Cameroon, northern Nigeria, Chad and Niger) and it has also been reported at low frequencies in northwestern Africa [37]. Outside the African continent, two rare R-V88 sub-lineages (R-M18 and R-V35) have been observed in Near East and southern Europe (particularly in Sardinia) [30, 37–39]. Because of its ethno-geographic distribution in the central Sahel, R-V88 has been linked to the spread of the Chadic branch of the Afroasiatic linguistic family [37, 40].
[...]
Indeed, our data suggest a European origin of R-V88 about 12.3 kya, considering both the presence of two Sardinian R-V88 basal clades (R-M18 and R-V35) and that the V88 marker arose in the R-M343 background, which in turn includes Near-Eastern/European lineages [52]. It is worth noting that the arrival of R-V88 in the Sahara seems to have occurred between 8.67 and 7.85 kya (considering as an upper limit the time estimates of the last node including a European-specific lineage, while the lower limit is the coalescence age of all the African-specific lineages), refining the time frame of the trans-Saharan migration proposed in previous studies [37, 56]
~D’Atanasio, Trombetta, Bonito, et al., Genome Biology (2018) 19:20. The peopling of the last Green Sahara revealed by high-coverage resequencing of trans-Saharan patrilineages
quote: The isofrequency maps presented by these three groups using the STR M269 (haplogroup R1b1b2 = R-M269) are very similar and correspond to that shown in the present study (Figure 2) concerning the “Basque subclade” (see Figure 3 for the map of Basque words), of the haplogroup M269. The term “Basque subclade” is adopted in this article for the reasons here exposed (in the strict actual sense it could be inadequate). Initial studies (Malaspina et al., 2000; Semino et al., 2000) had suggested that the observed R1b1b2 frequency cline in Europe (from frequencies greater that 70% in Western Europe, decreasing eastward) is due to population expansion from a French-Iberian Ice-Age refugium after the Late Glacial Maximum (LGM), as suggested by the authors. Morelli et al. (2010) calculated the TMRCA (Time to the Most Recent Common Ancestor), based on Sardinian and Anatolian Y chromosomes and employing the “population mutation rate”, estimated the R-M269 lineage to have originated 25,000 - 80,700 years ago. Such a huge variance in the date shows a problem with the calculation methodology. Another calculations (Klyosov, 2012) estimates that haplogroup R1b came to Europe only around 5000 years ago.
It seems to be of great interest to try to understand how the vast majority of Western Europe men (more than 100 million) carry Y chromosomes that belong to the haplogroup R-M269.
The haplogroup R1b1a (R-V88) was found with a frequency of 8% in the village of Al Awaynat. Generally, haplogroup R and its subsets are spread in Eurasia as far as Siberia (Karafet et al., 2008; Chiaroni et al., 2009; Lancaster, 2010). Nevertheless, R1b1a has been observed at high frequencies in Northwest Africa (27% in the Egyptian Berbers), with peaks in the Chadic-speaking populations from Central Africa, ranging from 29 to 96% in Cameroon, and very rarely is found outside Africa (Cruciani et al., 2010a,b). This haplogroup has been proposed to represent the paternal genetic signature of the mid-Holocene migration of proto-Chadic Afro-asiatic speakers across the Central Sahara to Lake Chad (Ehret, 2002; Cruciani et al., 2010a); this suggests a link between Chadic speakers and other Afro-Asiatic speakers to the north of the Sahara.
In the eight-microsatellite Network analysis of R1b1a chromosomes from Northern and Central Africa (Fig. S2), the Libyan Tuareg R1b1a Y-chromosomes were found to belong to a branch characterized exclusively by haplotypes from Central Africa, more particularly from the Chad area (Cruciani et al., 2010a).
This may be likely explained by recent introduction through the slavery practices mentioned above.
Nonetheless, the hypothesis that the Libyan Tuareg R1b1a haplotypes may be relics of the migration of Pastoral proto-Chadic speakers, as hypothesized by the ‘‘trans-Saharan’’ hypothesis (Ehret, 2002; Cruciani et al., 2010a), cannot be ruled out
~Claudio Ottoni, et al. (2011) Deep Into the Roots of the Libyan Tuareg: A Genetic Survey of Their Paternal Heritage
quote: The oldest mixture events appear to be between populations related to sub-Saharan Africans and West Europeans occurring ~3800 BCE, followed closely by a mixture of Sardinian and Caucasus-related populations. Later, several mixture events occurred from 3000 to 1200 BCE involving diverse Eurasian populations (Table 1, Figure 3).
Genetic evidence for an origin of the Armenians from Bronze Age mixing of multiple populations
~Marc Haber et al. European Journal of Human Genetics volume 24, pages 931–936 (2016) Genetic evidence for an origin of the Armenians from Bronze Age mixing of multiple populations
Thanks for the post. Sadly, people accept the white supremacy manifested by geneticists just like they did in the past in regards to anthropology. Keep fighting the good fight and helping some people to know the truth.
-------------------- C. A. Winters Posts: 13012 | From: Chicago | Registered: Jan 2006
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posted
"Before zebu admixture, ancient southern Levantine animals occupy a distinctive space within the PC plot (Fig. 1A, cluster c), toward modern African cattle and adjacent to a 9000- yr-B.P. Epipalaeolithic Moroccan aurochs (Th7)." From new cattle paper: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/365/6449/173/tab-pdf.
"Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent"
However, the interpretation as expected does not interpret this as Africa being the source of Levantine cattle: "Distinct genotypes and phenotypes in B. taurus cattle native to Africa, such as tolerance of trop- ical infections, have been attributed to either local domestication or introgression from Afri- can aurochs (10, 23). However, ancient Levan- tine genome affinity with North African aurochs hints that this distinctiveness may have origins in the southern Fertile Crescent." They appear to do the opposite! White people!
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posted
By the way, how do you post a pdf on here. I wish to share this paper as it is not open access.
Posts: 288 | From: Asia | Registered: Mar 2016
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quote:Originally posted by Mansamusa: "Before zebu admixture, ancient southern Levantine animals occupy a distinctive space within the PC plot (Fig. 1A, cluster c), toward modern African cattle and adjacent to a 9000- yr-B.P. Epipalaeolithic Moroccan aurochs (Th7)." From new cattle paper: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/365/6449/173/tab-pdf.
However, the interpretation as expected does not interpret this as Africa being the source of Levantine cattle: "Distinct genotypes and phenotypes in B. taurus cattle native to Africa, such as tolerance of trop- ical infections, have been attributed to either local domestication or introgression from Afri- can aurochs (10, 23). However, ancient Levan- tine genome affinity with North African aurochs hints that this distinctiveness may have origins in the southern Fertile Crescent." They appear to do the opposite! White people!
That does seem very strange. Why couldn't these southern Levantine cattle have been introduced from North Africa?
posted
So in the PC plot, they provide a graph which shows that a primitive cattle (Bos Primigenius) Known as Th7 from epipaleolithic Morroco clusters with ancient Levant Neolithic and later Levant ancient domesticated cattle (Bos. taurus), while occuppying the same corner of the graph as modern African cattle. These cluster of cattle are closer to modern African cattle than they are to modern near East cattle:
So let me get this straight:
1.) The first farmers of the Middle East in the southern Levant have a genetic component which is older in North Africa (ANA) than in the Levant.
2) The First farmers of the Levan have SSA affinities.
3) The first farmers of the Levant domesticated a breed of cattle whose closest progenitor is from North Africa
Conclusion according to the Eurocentrists:
"Distinct genotypes and phenotypes in B. taurus cattle native to Africa, such as tolerance of tropical infections, have been attributed to either local domestication or introgression from African aurochs (10, 23). However, ancient Levantine genome affinity with North African aurochs hints that this distinctiveness may have origins in the southern Fertile Crescent." Make it make sense!
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"They clearly show that, despite the presence of domesticates, fish predominate in the animal bone assemblages. In this sense, there is continuity with the earlier Holocene occupation from the Fayum, starting ca. 7350 BC. Domesticated plants and animals appear first from approximately 5400 BC. The earliest possible evidence for domesticates in Egypt are the very controversial domesticated cattle from the 9th/8th millennium BC in the Nabta Playa-Bir Kiseiba area."
New Archaeozoological Data from the Fayum “Neolithic” with a Critical Assessment of the Evidence for Early Stock Keeping in Egypt ~Veerle Linseele et al. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4195595/Posts: 22235 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Mansamusa: It's getting worse. Ethiopians are now descended from Minoans, mudderfucking Minoans and Sea people!
A tentative links between these three groups may be provided by the maritime trade routes connecting Crete (home to the Minoan culture) to the Levant and by the shuffling role played by a horde of nomads who navigated throughout the Mediterranean Sea 3 kya: the Sea People These tribes left traces of their passage both in Crete, in Anatolia, when they fought the Hittite Empire and in Egypt and the Levant, and are told to have settled in the land of Canaan, known also as Palestine Interestingly, among those tribes that settled in Palestine there were: Denyen, Tjeker and 92 Peleset. Although there are different theories around the origin of each of the tribes, there are suggestions that link the Denyen with the tribe of Dan, from which Jews from Ethiopia have been said to descend and Peleset to their neighboring Philistines . The role of Sea People may therefore be crucial in explaining a temporary presence of a Minoan-like ancestry in the Levant, bringing Anatolian-like components to levels as high as 85%.
A pulse of populations with Anatolian-rich ancestry has just been recently detected in Iron Age Levant, appearing and disappearing from the archaeological record within a range of few centuries .
Our results offer a solution to this disappearance, given that their signal may have become erased as a consequence of major warfare after 1000 BCE14 100 , bringing these genetic components towards 101 Ethiopia and North AfricaMinoans and Philistines in Ethiopia
I have yet to read the paper you cited, but there are two things I find wrong about the claim right off the bat: First off the Ethiopian Jewish population has ironically the lowest percentage of Eurasian lineages. The majority of Eurasian lineages in Ethiopia are found among the Habesha peoples of the highlands which the Beta Israel are technically not part of but instead hail from the Lake Tana area which is inhabited predominantly by Cushitic (primarily Agau) speakers. In fact, the Beta Israel before adopting Amharic originally spoke an Agau dialect and used Geez for their Jewish rituals and texts instead of Hebrew. Genetically the majority paternal clade is hg A while the E-M35 that they do carry is actually specific for Horn Africans and NOT the Levant! Hg J1-M267 only exists in a small fraction and seems to correspond to Habesha influence which again the Habesha possess the majority of this lineage. Their genetics, physical appearance, and geographic proximity to the Blue Nile support Sudanese scholar Ibrahim Omer's theory that the Beta Israel actually originated from Nubia, and IF they did inherit anything Jewish whether physically/genetically and/or religiously alone it took place along the Nile Valley and not in the Aden coast or Arabia as many believe. Secondly, I do recall several papers presented in this forum about Sub-Saharan genetic influence on Anatolians dating back from the Eneolithic to Bronze Age period. So if this is the case, one could make the opposite argument of Sea Peoples having African ancestry. Funny how all the genetic African influence in the Mediterranean that has come out in the past decade or two now seems null in void ever since Reich and the 3rd Reichers did their findings on the Abusir mummies.
-------------------- Mahirap gisingin ang nagtutulog-tulugan. Posts: 26260 | From: Atlanta, Georgia, USA | Registered: Feb 2005
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quote:Originally posted by Mansamusa: So in the PC plot, they provide a graph which shows that a primitive cattle (Bos Primigenius) Known as Th7 from epipaleolithic Morroco clusters with ancient Levant Neolithic and later Levant ancient domesticated cattle (Bos. taurus), while occuppying the same corner of the graph as modern African cattle. These cluster of cattle are closer to modern African cattle than they are to modern near East cattle:
So let me get this straight:
1.) The first farmers of the Middle East in the southern Levant have a genetic component which is older in North Africa (ANA) than in the Levant.
2) The First farmers of the Levan have SSA affinities.
3) The first farmers of the Levant domesticated a breed of cattle whose closest progenitor is from North Africa
Conclusion according to the Eurocentrists:
"Distinct genotypes and phenotypes in B. taurus cattle native to Africa, such as tolerance of tropical infections, have been attributed to either local domestication or introgression from African aurochs (10, 23). However, ancient Levantine genome affinity with North African aurochs hints that this distinctiveness may have origins in the southern Fertile Crescent." [qb]Make it make sense!
I'm going to have to make time reading the paper, but again the graph that they produce and their contradictory claims do not at all surprise me. In one of my as of now inaccessible files is a study of the skeletal remains of ancient and prehistoric cattle of Africa and phenotypically there was enough of distinction to warrant the classification of a Bos. Africanus or African variant of Bos distinct from the West Eurasian variety that many assume was introduced to Africa.
-------------------- Mahirap gisingin ang nagtutulog-tulugan. Posts: 26260 | From: Atlanta, Georgia, USA | Registered: Feb 2005
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