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Africa: A continent of "Land-Lubbers" ??
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by alTakruri: [QB] A little something on West African riverain war canoes and sea power - [QUOTE] [URL=http://www.]... African armies became aware of the new dangers, and Portuguese ships began to meet their match.[/URL] [b] For example, in 1446, two years later, a ship commanded by Nuno Tristao attempted to land in the Senegal region. It was attacked by African fighters in canoes, and [i]the crew of the ship was wiped out[/i]. And in 1447, [i]a Danish raider commanding a Portuguese ship was killed, along with most of his crew,[/i] when local African boats attacked. [/b] Although African vessels -- mostly canoes -- were not designed for high-seas navigation, they were fully capable of protecting the coast, even in the 15th century. As a result, in 1456, the king of Portugal dispatched his ambassador, Diogo Gomes, to negotiate treaties of peace and trade with the African rulers along the coast. From that point on, and for 400 years, the African slave trade was conducted as a matter of international commerce among equals. http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=004734#000015 [/QUOTE]- sea power made naval commanders elite because of the connection between merchants, kings, and colonialism. [QUOTE]Originally posted by zarahan: [qb] Great reference. SOme of the war canoes recorded deeper into the continent are as big as, or exceed the Egyptian example mentioned above. (African Military Systems- wiki). [i] Some canoes were 80 feet in length, carrying 100 men or more. Documents from 1506 for example, refer to war-canoes on the Sierra Leone river, carrying 120 men. Others refer to Guinea coast peoples using canoes of varying sizes- some 70 feet in length, 7-8 ft broad, with sharp pointed ends, rowing benches on the side, and quarter decks or focastles build of reeds, and miscellaneous facilities such as cooking hearths, and storage spaces for crew sleeping mats. [85] The warriors in some of these accounts were armed with spears, shields and arrows, and were expected to row as well. Each rower kept a bundle of throwing javelins and his shield next to him to repel enemy canoes.[/i] [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9f/Afrimilibowarcanoe2.jpg[/IMG] Nor were these simply tribal hordes sallying forth on dugouts, but systematically organized units for battle and logistics. In some empires, maritime assets were systematically organized into military and civil spheres. [i] "In war, the canoe performed an important logistics function. The empires of Mali and Songhay for example used canoes to move troops, horses and material quickly to many parts of the realm, as well as for trade and general transport. In Songhay, a Chief of the Waters oversaw all civil matters related to water transport, and a Chief of Canoes supervised naval operations. Big war canoes in this region drew a clear distinction between rowers, (usually 18 to 20) and marine troops (some 70-80 warriors). The boats were equipped with all the necessary provisions and supplies for their mission." [/i] [IMG]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/fc/Greatlakesnavalbattle2.jpg[/IMG] Historical Great Lakes naval clash between 2 East African kingdoms On the coasts of course, various other vessels and peoples engaged in trade etc from the Red Sea, to the Indian Ocean. [/qb][/QUOTE] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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