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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Ausarian.: [QB] Nebel et al. write: [i] In a report published elsewhere, we recently showed that Jews and Palestinian Arabs share a large portion of their Y chromosomes, suggesting a common ancestry (Nebel et al. 2000). Surprisingly, in the present study, [b]Jews were found to be even closer[/b] to populations in the [b]northern part[/b] of the Middle East [b]than to several Arab populations[/b]. It is worth mentioning that, on the basis of protein polymorphisms, most Jewish populations cluster very closely with Iraqis (Livshits et al. 1991) and that the latter, in turn, cluster very closely with Kurds (Cavalli-Sforza et al. 1994). These findings are consistent with known cultural links that existed among populations in the Fertile Crescent in early history...[/i] The proceed to examine Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin: [i]Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin. Bedouin are largely nomadic Arab herders, with a tribal organization. They live in all Arab countries, constituting about one tenth of the population (Cavalli-Sforza et al. 1994). [b]The Bedouin population of the Negev desert was found to be most distant from Jews and Muslim Kurds and to be closely related only to Palestinians[/b]. [b]Both these Arab populations differ from the other Middle Eastern groups sampled[/b] for the present study, mainly in [b]having a higher frequency of Eu 10 chromosomes[/b], the majority of which they share with each other. Traditional marriage practices—such as male polygamy, a high rate of consanguineous marriages, and patrilocality—may have enhanced the low haplogroup and haplotype diversity of the Negev Bedouin, as was suggested elsewhere for the Bedouin tribes in the Sinai Peninsula (Salem et al. 1996). We propose that the Y chromosomes in Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin represent, to a large extent, [b]early lineages[/b] derived from the Neolithic inhabitants of the area and additional lineages from more-recent population movements. The [b]early lineages are part of the common chromosome pool shared with Jews[/b] (Nebel et al. 2000). According to our working model, the [b]more-recent migrations were mostly from the Arabian Peninsula[/b], as is seen in the Arab-specific Eu 10 chromosomes that include the modal haplotypes observed in Palestinians and Bedouin.[/i] And it said, with regards to the particular "Arab-specific" J haplotype [an undesignated E10 cluster] at hand--which doesn't seem to have been specified from a microsatellite standpoint, that: [i]These haplotypes and their one-step microsatellite neighbors constitute a substantial portion of the total Palestinian (29%) and Bedouin (37.5%) Y chromosome pools and were not found in any of the non-Arab populations in the present study. The peripheral position of the modal haplotypes, with few links in the network (fig. 5), suggests that the [b]Arab-specific chromosomes are a result of recent gene flow[/b].[/i] They add: [i]Thus, the possible place of origin for Eu 9 could be in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent and that for Eu 10 in the southern part. However, since data for some relevant populations are not available, this interpretation should be regarded with caution.[/i] At the end of the day: [i]In the present sample, the modal haplotype of the Muslim Kurds is at the core of Eu 9, and the CMH is at the center of Eu 10, attesting to the antiquity of both haplotypes.[/i] And... [i]In conclusion, the present study shows that the [b]Middle Eastern populations we analyzed are closely related[/b] and that their Y chromosome pool is [b]distinct from that of Europeans[/b]. Genetic dating performed in the present study, together with age estimates reported elsewhere (reviewed by Bosch et al. 1999), suggests that the major haplogroups observed in our sample are much older than the populations in which they are found. Thus, the [b]common genetic Middle Eastern background predates[/b] the ethnogenesis in the region. The study demonstrates that [b]the Y chromosome pool of Jews is an integral part of the genetic landscape of the region[/b] and, in particular, that Jews exhibit a high degree of genetic [b]affinity to populations living in the north of the Fertile Crescent.[/b][/i] So, what do you understand from this, beaten-down negro slave? [/QB][/QUOTE]
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