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[QUOTE]Originally posted by rasol: [QB] Masreyya let us know if this helps to refresh your memory: [QUOTE]Masreyya wrote: Which brings me to why I'm here in the first place. I come upon the article by Sonia Zakrezewski, co-authored by Robert A. Foley and Marta M. Lahr, and published in the same volume I was looking at. It's titled "Change and Continuity over the Predyanstic and Early Dynastic Periods of Ancient Egypt" and can be found in [i]Egyptology at the Dawn of the 21st century: Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Egyptologists[/i]. [/QUOTE]Egyptology at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century: Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of Egyptologists, Cairo, [b]year 2000[/b], Volume 1 Archaeology [QUOTE]I couldn't help notice that her conclusions in the study were completely at odds with what the study you cited during our last conversation supposedly suggested![/QUOTE]Her later work, you mean? [QUOTE]You may have already surmised from this that Zakrzewski is planning to resuscitate the old "Dynastic Race Theory"[/QUOTE]lol. When? Zakrzewski, S. R. 2003 Variation in Ancient Egyptian Stature and Body Proportions. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 121(3): 219-229. [i]Stature and the pattern of body proportions were investigated in a series of six time-successive Egyptian populations in order to investigate the biological effects on human growth of the development and intensification of agriculture, and the formation of state-level social organization. Univariate analyses of variance were performed to assess differences between the sexes and among various time periods. Significant differences were found both in stature and in raw long bone length measurements between the early semipastoral population and the later intensive agricultural population. The size differences were greater in males than in females. This disparity is suggested to be due to greater male response to poor nutrition in the earlier populations, and with the increasing development of social hierarchy, males were being provisioned preferentially over females. Little change in body shape was found through time, suggesting that all body segments were varying in size in response to environmental and social conditions. The change found in body plan is suggested to be the result of the later groups having a more tropical (Nilotic) form than the preceding populations. The level of morphological variation within a population is the result of factors such as population expansion and movement. Traditionally Egyptologists have considered ancient Egypt to have a homogeneous population, with state formation occurring as a result of local processes without influence from migration. This paper tests this hypothesis by investigating the extent of biological relationships within a series of temporally successive Egyptian skeletal samples. Previous studies have compared biological relationships between Egyptians and other populations, mostly using the Howells global cranial data set. In the current study, by contrast, the biological relationships within a series of temporally-successive cranial samples are assessed. The data consist of 55 cranio-facial variables from 418 adult Egyptian individuals, from six periods, ranging in date from c. 5000 to 1200 BC. [b]These were compared with the 111 Late Period crania (c. 600-350 BC) from the Howells sample.[/b] Principal Component and Canonical Discriminant Function Analyses were undertaken, on both pooled and single sex samples. The results suggest a level of local population continuity exists within the earlier Egyptian populations, [b]but that this was in association with some change in population structure,[/b] immigration and admixture with new groups. Most dramatically, the results also indicate that the Egyptian series from Howells global data set are [b]morphologically distinct from the Predynastic and Early Dynastic Nile Valley samples[/b] (especially in cranial vault shape and height), and thus show that this sample cannot be considered to be a typical Egyptian series.[/i] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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