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[QUOTE]Originally posted by zarahan- aka Enrique Cardova: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by sudaniya: [qb] Question: Did Frank M. Snowden ever at least concede that Upper Egypt was closely related to North Sudan during the predynastic period? Or did he die insisting that the ancient Egyptians were mahogany brown "Caucasians" unrelated to North-east Africans? [/qb][/QUOTE]Good question. That one I'll have to check out. Far as I remember Snowden pushed a version of the stereotypical "true negro" model, in which everything not meeting the stereotypical construct was dismissed, downplayed, or folded into some sort of "mixed race" model. But even a "mixed race" model falls under popular EUro and American race constructs since being "partially black" STILL makes you black. SO it has been for well nigh three centuries in America for example. While quick to criticize so-called "Afrocentrics" for focusing on race Snowden himself uses the same race categories to push his model, and studiously avoids the implications of the "one drop" standard, namely, that using the same categories he is using, the Egyptians would have been recognized as "black." Snowden wants to have it both ways. He uses Eurocentric "true negro" categories, but rather than be consistent and use the accompanying Eurocentric "one drop" construct, he cops out, or changes the subject. [IMG]http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-DprXzn0HCsU/VMHRJCj9IcI/AAAAAAAABVU/W2LoPVCnUrE/s1600/marylefkowitz_onedrop.jpg[/IMG] ^^At least Mary Lefkowitz, to be consistent, has to acknowledge that in terms of said construct, the ancient Egyptians would/are "black." The above is not to say that Snowden does that have some valuable data to present, but not only is he dated, he also has an inconsistent double standard. If you are using standard Eurocentric race conceptions, how come you are all too willing to use the "true negro" piece, but then want to skip over the "one drop" side of the coin? A similar inconsistency marks several other writers in the field. ------------------------ Here is what Snowden has to say in one article: [i]"There was also a mixed black-white element in the Egyptian population as early as the middle of the third millenium BC. In fact, the earliest clearly recognizable Egyptian portrait of a black is preserved in a limestone head of a woman, together with that of her Egyptian husband, a prince from the court of Memphis."[/i] --Snowden 1997. Misconceptions about African Blacks in the Ancient Mediterranean World: Specialists and Afrocentrists Snowden's notion of "earliest clearly recognizable Egyptian portrait of a black" refers to the limestone head circa 2600BC, from the Old Kingdom. But "recognizable" portraiture prior to 2600BC does show "black" features- by contemporary Euro-American race construct standards- so how does Snowden claim that the first "recognizable" black folk don't show up until 2600BC? He also says that there were "mixed black-white elements" around as early as the 3rd millenium. OK but even going with this, if there were "mixed" elements, clearly somebody "black" or "negroid" had to be in place way back then to do any "mixing." Snowden conveniently skips over such things, just as he skips portraiture prior to his magic 2600BC cut-off date. [IMG]https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-mMBJVzFJxSE/WA_mWp5DowI/AAAAAAAACrw/apauAM8IUAck4k3Wn55BoB1ZOfN2eIcgACLcB/s320/begy_Huni_3rd_dynasty_Pharaoh.jpg[/IMG] In Snowden's defense, to could be argued that his "true negro" approach is rooted in his 1970s book - Before Color Prejudice, and similar work, and was fairly standard for that time. Still this does not fully excuse him- some of his published work occurs after the Keita's exhaustive research on the question, and he must have been well aware of the limb proportion and other studies that preceded that. Lefkowitz references Keita in one of her book and also uses Snowden in the same book so the info on the question was well within the research of a scholar like him. In his "Misconceptions" piece above Snowden extensively rails against "Afocentrics" who denounce valid criticisms as "Eurocentric racism" or the product of "traitorous" Uncle Toms. But he can produce no such statements by one of the leading "Afrocentriscs" of all time, Cheikh Anta Diop. And his piece conveniently skips over the valid criticism not only Afrocentrics BUT mainstream Eurocentric scholars have made about "race" work in the Nile Valley. Snowden has some good info to offer, but his work itself is marred by distortion and double standards. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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