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RACE WAR Among Muslims in Al-Andalus: How Berbers were treated in Spain due to color
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Troll Patrol: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by melchior7: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Djehuti: [qb] ^ You keep repeating that there were back-migrations. The only significant back-migrations we know of only occurred during Islamic times unless you have proof--valid and uncontested proof-- of back-migrations before this. As Brada has told you there was NO "limit" for blacks as per evidence of the multiple waves of emmigrations outside of Africa both into Southwest Asia as well as into Europe!! As for 'Middle Eastern' types, the 'Middle East' is a geo-political term of Europeans. If by Middle East you mean Southwest Asia, then there were multiple and diverse types due to its location as a crossroads with some types resembling Africans right next door while other types resembling colder-adapted Eurasian types. The latter which you are no doubt referring to when it comes to the stereotypical light-skinned Middle Easterners quite naturally first appeared in the northern most areas of the 'Middle East' and likely originated from Central Asia, the Caucasus, etc. [/qb][/QUOTE]I can't believe you would even question pre islamic back migrations. Is it the New Afrocentric theory now that no back migrations into North Africa ever took place? I guess I've been away too long. I guess genetics is bogus too. You say Eurasians orginated in the Central Asia. Now that's a good start. Obviously they eventually made their way down into the Arabian peninsula, no? So here is another way to ask the question, how far south did these Eurasian types extend during the early days of the Egyptian kingdom??? As you can probably guess, I firmly believe they extended well into North Africa along the coastal areas, and that the Egyptians were a fusion of tropical Africans and these people. Hell even the Badarians seemed to have been mixed. "By the individual analysis of nasal measurements and indices of the first Badarian series in comparison with the mixed Europoid-Negroid series from Wadi Qitna in Nubia (fourth-fifth century AD), with the Europoid series from Manfalout in Upper Egypt (Ptolemaic period) and with a series of recent Nilotes, I came to the conclusion that the distribution of the Badarian skulls extends from the Europoid to the Negroid range." "Of the total 117 skulls, 15 were found to be markedly Europoid, 9 of these were of the gracile Mediterranean type, 6 were of very robust structure reminiscent of the North African Cromagnon type. Eight skulls were clearly Negroid... We may conclude that the share of both components was nearly the same, with some overweight to the Europoid side." "In some of the Badarian crania hair was preserved, thanks to good conditions in the desert sand. In the first series, according to the descriptions of the excavators, they were curly in 6 cases, wavy in 33 cases and straight in 10 cases. They were black in 16 samples, dark brown in 11, brown in 12, light brown in 1 and grey in 11 cases." Eugen Strouhal,The Journal of African History, Vol. 12, No. 1. (1971), Say what you want be these folks showed admixture. [/qb][/QUOTE]Implications on Greeks and Ptolemy. Being that the Ptolemy probebly geneticly were E-V13. Which is scarce in Northeast Africa. Attesting that indeed they were minor, especially in the South and Middle of Egypt. At max the frequency is at 2.6% in the South. Middle 5.6% and just a bit higher in the North. I think the autosomal of E-V13 came from admixed Northern Egyptians into the South anyway. Why, because the region was hard to excess for foreigners. The satues of the Ptolemy are purely metaphorical, in Egyptian style not literally. During the hell'anism they forced themselves upon Egyptians, killing people left and right, after Alexander begged for the Pharaohs tittle, which they the priests, did not grant him, since he was not of Egyptian royal lineage. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OizgSfsxX9c [QUOTE]Pharaoh Ptolemy I Black basalt bust of Pharaoh Ptolemy I of Egypt, dating from the 4th century BC, which was the period of the 30th Dynasty. Ptolemy I was also known as Ptolemy Soter, meaning 'saviour', and before becoming Pharaoh of Egypt, was a Macedonian general who served under Alexander the Great. With Alexander, he served in many military campaigns, including those in India, Babylon, Persia, and Afghanistan. After Alexander's death, Ptolemy was appointed Satrap (governor) of Egypt, and later took the title of Pharaoh, founding the Ptolemaic dynasty.[/QUOTE] [QUOTE] Series The Cambridge Ancient History Volume 3 Part 3 The Expansion of the Greek World, Eighth to Sixth Centuries B.C. Chapter Title Chapter 36b: The Greeks in Egypt Publication Date 1982 Author T. F. R. G. Braun Digital Object Identifier (DOI) 10.1017/CHOL9780521234474.003 Overview Greek-Egyptian relations before Psammetichus I [b]Greeks arrived to settle in Egypt in the reign of Psammetichus I (664–610 B.C.)[/b]. For the period that follows, Herodotus found that Egyptian and non-Egyptian information could be combined (II. 147). Thanks to Greek settlers mingling with the Egyptians, knowledge was now accurate (II. 154). Significantly, no Greek pottery datable to the period between Mycenaean times and 664 B.C. has so far been found in Egypt. Egyptian trinkets, on the other hand, were reaching the Greek world in the eighth century, and a bronze Egyptian jug at Lefkandi in Euboea would seem to date back as far as the ninth. These could have arrived by way of Phoenicia or Cyprus. Some contact then, even if indirect, there must have been in the disturbed century before Psammetichus I. The Greeks retained some recollection of the Egyptian history of this time. We have seen how the king of Ethiopia and Egypt, who must have been Shabako (c. 716–c. 702 B.C.) in 711 surrendered Yamani of Ashdod, possibly a Greek (above, p. 16). This ‘Sabakōs’ is an historical figure for Herodotus (II. 137, 139) who in the fifth century could get a fair amount of information about the 25th (Nubian or Kushite) dynasty. Shabako's enemy was the delta king Bakenrenef son of Tefnakhte (c. 720–715 ?), whom he eventually captured and burnt alive. Bakenrenef, as Bocchoris, was to figure in Greek imagination, though Herodotus does not mention him. He is celebrated as a sagacious lawgiver in the Egyptian account of Diodorus (I. 45, 65, 79, 94) which derives from earlier Greek writing – probably in large measure from Hecataeus of Abdera, c. 300 B.C.[/QUOTE] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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