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Genomic Ancestry of North Africans Supports Back-to-Africa Migrations Brenna M. Henn
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by The Explorer: [QB] I've said it before, and will say it again, possibly to the dismay of those who are literacy-challenged... [i]Many of the so-called Eurasian markers that contemporary coastal Maghrebi populations carry do look to have come from female slaves! That is not to say that such could have been the only source, but a significant one nonetheless.[/i] This mirrors observations I've made known elsewhere: [i]Then comes into equation, that observation just mentioned in the Cherni et al. piece above, about the African-European asymmetrical lineage among Maghrebi populations. Much of that asymmetrical ancestry very likely comes from institution of historic slavery enterprise involving mostly European females in the Maghreb. Of course, a lot of devout Eurocentrists balk at such a prospect, but it is a fairly reasonable explanation for the aforementioned asymmetric parental pattern, and importantly, it is backed by history. The skeptic-wisdom is, after all, that European male contribution seems all but negligible in the Maghrebi gene pool, and yet, that the slave enterprise in the Maghreb would have included European males. For one, slave-male genetic exchange with any preexisting local maternal gene pool would have been strongly discouraged by slave-holders, as was the case with many locations that have put in place institutions of slavery, while the Maghrebi male population would have had a freer hand in exchanging genes with enslaved European females. Additionally, Maghrebi enthusiasm for European male slave market would have been relatively modest compared to that for the European female slave counterpart, since the Maghrebi would have then had firsthand access to preexisting slave trade with "western African" polities just geographically beneath them, where a labor pool of more physically-robust males could have been extracted than that from European counterparts. In an ironic twist, devout Eurocentrists like to portray any so-called "sub-Saharan" African contribution in Maghrebi gene pool as "slave"-mediated, when in fact, it appears to have been the other way around: the asymmetric African male-to-European female ancestry speaks more to a European contribution that was mediated by and large through slavery than the case is for the "sub-Saharan" contribution in coastal Maghrebi gene pool, which Frigi et al. (2010) for example, determined to have been around since prehistoric times.[/i] Now it's time for those crippled by idealism, who merely dismiss anything that does not agree with their personal belief systems, or simply put--anything they can't understand, as some supposed fantasy, to take off their emotional blinders, and consider that these observations rely on several identified factors: Contemporary Maghreb populations essentially lack the common European-specific NRY markers, in contrast to the often made reference to lopsided southwest European mtDNA input. This is the sort of pattern one would expect of... 1) a situation wherein slavery favoring females results in a net higher gain of female gene flow than male counterparts of the source-population from which slaves were attained. Add to this, accumulative impact of the culture of polygamy permissible in many Muslim societies. Or alternatively... 2) a situation wherein the male segments of the source population of the emigrant community were effectively exterminated, leaving the female counterparts to become available to the exterminators, who would obviously have to be male in sex orientation. Or yet... 3)assume some extraordinary scenario wherein emigrants were overwhelmingly females, while the reverse was true for a preexisting group on the destination side of the emigration. Whatever the scenario may be, the question is, where's the evidence? Of note: Historic accounts of slavery have already been accounted for, and so, there is little to doubt about its prospect. The other scenarios above, however, will require substantive materialization. No archaeological proof of mass emigration of Franco-Cantabrian refugees into coastal northwest Africa in the Upper Paleolithic. No osteological proof of contemporary EpiPaleolithic Maghrebi-types outside of the African continent, particularly the Iberian peninsula, that has been brought to immediate attention. No unequivocal DNA proof of primary "Eurasian" origin of EpiPaleolithic Maghreb series. Lineages which are partially suggestive of the preexisting genetic landscape, like say U6 and M1, generally occur in relatively small incidences in contemporary Holocene-derived populations of the Maghreb, from both maternal and paternal standpoints. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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