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Berbers are primarily not African ?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Trollkillah # Ish Gebor: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by KING: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [qb] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Trollkillah # Ish Gebor: WHAT I ASKED WAS AND IS THE SHOW ME (US) EURASIAN/ EUROPEAN FEMALE REMAINS IN PALEOLITHIC, HOLOCENE, MESOLITHIC AND NEOLITHIC AFRICA. THUS FAR YOU HAVE NOT DONE THIS, FOR 4 YEARS STRAIGHT. I HAVE SHOWN YOU MULTIPLE SOURCES SHOWING THE SPECIMEN OF THE PALEOLITHIC HOLOCENE MAGHREB RELATES TO THOSE OF THE SOUTH. THE INDIGENOUS AFRICANS. YOU FAIL AGAIN! [/qb][/QUOTE]How many times do I have to show you this? [IMG]http://www.ephotobay.com/image/picture-24-124.png[/IMG] _________________________________________________ [IMG]http://www.leverhulme.ac.uk/cmsfiles/assets/1410.jpg[/IMG] Human burial at Taforalt under excavation ____________________________________________ COLIN P. GROVES AND ALAN THORNE 1999 The Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene Populations of Northern Africa. Homo 50(3):249-262. ISSN 0018-442X. Abstract: We studied three northern African samples of human cranial remains from the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary: Afalou-bou-Rhummel, Taforalt, and Sudanese Nubia (Jebel Sahaba and Tushka), and compared them to late Pleistocene Europeans and Africans. Despite their relatively late dates, all three of our own samples exhibit the robusticity typical of late Pleistocene Homo sapiens. As far as population affinities are concerned, Taforalt is Caucasoid and closely resembles late Pleistocene Europeans, Sudanese Nubia is Negroid, and Afalou exhibits an intermediate status. Evidently the Caucasoid/Negroid transition has fluctuated north and south over time, perhaps following the changes in the distribution of climatic zones. [/qb][/QUOTE]Maybe I am wrong Lioness but Trollpatrol is trying to show you to read that the skeleton you keep posting has its teeth removed like some cultures in the Sudan etc. [/QB][/QUOTE]It confirms exactly this: [IMG]http://tinyurl.com/oev7gpn[/IMG] [IMG]http://tinyurl.com/npf22kl[/IMG] [IMG]http://tinyurl.com/ndzqu3r[/IMG] [IMG]http://tinyurl.com/l6o44hw[/IMG] [IMG]http://tinyurl.com/q8u7l6a[/IMG] [QUOTE] *Frequently termed Mechta-Afalou or Mechtoid, these were a skeletally robust people and definitely African in origin, though attempts, such as those of Ferembach (1985), to establish similarities with much older and rarer Aterian skeletal remains are tenuous given the immense temporal separation between the two (Close and Wendorf 1990). At the opposite end of the chronological spectrum, dental morphology does suggest connections with later Africans, including those responsible for the Capsian Industry (Irish 2000) and early mid-Holocene human remains from the western half of the Sahara (Dutour 1989), something that points to the Maghreb as one of the regions from which people recolonised the desert (MacDonald 1998). [/QUOTE]--Lawrence Barham The First Africans: African Archaeology from the Earliest Toolmakers to Most Recent Foragers (Cambridge World Archaeology)(2008) For your comparison: [IMG]http://oi39.tinypic.com/vrrpmq.jpg[/IMG] [QUOTE] Evidence from throughout the Sahara indicates that the region experienced a cool, dry and windy climate during the last glacial period, followed by a wetter climate with the onset of the current interglacial, with humid conditions being fully established by around 10,000 years BP, [b]when we see the first evidence of a reoccupation of parts of the central Sahara by hunter gathers, most likely originating from sub-Saharan Africa [/b] (Cremaschi and Di Lernia, 1998; Goudie, 1992; Phillipson, 1993; Ritchie, 1994; Roberts, 1998). [...] Conical tumuli, platform burials and a V-type monument represent structures similar to those found in other Saharan regions and associated with human burials, appearing in sixth millennium BP onwards in northeast Niger and southwest Libya (Sivilli, 2002). In the latter area a shift in emphasis from faunal to human burials, complete by the early fifth millennium BP, has been interpreted by Di Lernia and Manzi (2002) as being associated with a changes in social organisation that occurred at a time of increasing aridity. While further research is required in order to place the funerary monuments of Western Sahara in their chronological context, we can postulate a similar process as a hypothesis to be tested, based on the high density of burial sites recorded in the 2002 survey. Fig. 2: Megaliths associated with tumulus burial (to right of frame), north of Tifariti (Fig. 1). A monument consisting of sixty five stelae was also of great interest; precise alignments north and east, a division of the area covered into separate units, and a deliberate scattering of quartzite inside the structure, are suggestive of an astronomical function associated with funerary rituals. Stelae are also associated with a number of burial sites, again suggesting dual funerary and astronomical functions (Figure 2). [b]Further similarities with other Saharan regions are evident in the rock art recorded in the study area, although local stylistic developments are also apparent. Carvings of wild fauna at the site of Sluguilla resemble the Tazina style found in Algeria, Libya and Morocco (Pichler and Rodrigue, 2003), although examples of elephant and rhinoceros in a naturalistic style reminiscent of engravings from the central Sahara believed to date from the early Holocene are also present. [/b] [/QUOTE]--Nick Brooks et al. (2004) The prehistory of Western Sahara in a regional context: the archaeology of the "free zone" Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, Saharan Studies Programme and School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Coauthors: Di Lernia, Savino ((Department of Scienze Storiche, Archeologiche, e Antropologiche dell’Antichità, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Via Palestro 63, 00185 – Rome, Italy) and Drake, Nick (Department of Geography, King’s College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS). [QUOTE] Plot of first two principal components extracted from a mean matrix for 17 craniometric variables (Tables 4, 7) in 9 human populations (Table 3)[b] from the Late Pleistocene through the mid-Holocene from the Maghreb and southern Sahara. Seven trans-Saharan populations cluster together,[/b] [...] The striking similarity between these seven human populations confirms previous suggestions regarding their affinity [18] and is particularly significant given [b]their temporal range (Late Pleistocene to mid-Holocene) and trans-Saharan geographic distribution (across the Maghreb to the southern Sahara).[/b] [/QUOTE]--Paul C. Sereno Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change [/QB][/QUOTE]
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