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Berbers are primarily not African ?
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Trollkillah # Ish Gebor: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [qb] TAFORALT MAN IN SAHARA : SAHARAN EXTENSION OF MAGHREBIAN 1988 ^^^ this article refers to a possible later extension of Iberomaurusians of Tafroalt, Morocco into Hassi-el-Abiod in Mali. This would fit the edn of wet phase transition driving this partcular robust cromagnid population south Skeletal remains in both of these areas are temperate proportioned not tropical _________________________________________________ . [/qb][/QUOTE]Why the phuck you keep posting the same debunked stuff over and over is beyond me? Tukuler has explained the nuclear resolutions, quite a few times already. SMH, [QUOTE][b]At about 40,000 years ago, however, Homo sapiens, in the form of the Cro-Magnons, began trickling into Europe, probably from an initially African place of origin. [/b] [...] [b]Bone tools of the kind introduced much later to Europe by the Cro-Magnons, are found at the Congolese site of Katanda, dated to perhaps 80,000 years ago. Blade tool industries, again formerly associated principally with the Cro-Magnons, are found at least sporadically at sites in Africa that date to as much as a quarter of a million years ago. [/b] These and other early African innovations are reviewed by McBrearty and Brooks (2000). [/QUOTE] http://www.metmuseum.org/en/exhibitions/listings/2002/~/media/Files/Exhibitions/2002/AfricaLectureTranscript.ashx Successes and failures of human dispersals from North Africa (2011) [IMG]http://origin-ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1040618211003612-gr1.jpg[/IMG] [QUOTE] "...the Cro-Magnons, the presumed ancestors of modern Europeans....were more like present-day Australians or Africans..." [/QUOTE]--Chris Stringer, [b]African Exodus ((Michael Witzel, The Origins of the World's Mythologies) 2013)[/b] [URL=http://tinyurl.com/na595yr]Oxford University Press[/URL] [QUOTE]Today, most paleoanthropologists agree that the Cro-Magnons came from Africa (5). [/QUOTE]--Stringer, C. B.(2003) Nature 423 , 692–695. pmid:12802315 http://www.pnas.org/content/101/16/5705.full [IMG]http://picturestack.com/87/826/UtrSchermafbeE2Z.png[/IMG] [QUOTE]"The so-called Old Man [Cro-Magnon 1] became the original model for what was once termed the Cro-Magnon or Upper Paleolithic "race" of Europe.. there's no such valid biological category, and Cro-Magnon 1 is not typical of Upper Paleolithic western Europeans- and not even all that similar to the other two make skulls found at the site. Most of the genetic evidence, as well as the newest fossil evidence from Africa argue against continuous local evolution producing modern groups directly from any Eurasian pre-modern population.. there's no longer much debate that a large genetic contribution from migrating early modern Africans infuenced other groups throughout the Old World.“ [/QUOTE]--B. Lewis et al. 2008. Understanding Humans: Introduction to Physical [QUOTE] If this analysis shows nothing else, it demonstrates that the oft-repeated European feeling that the Cro-Magnons are “us” (47) is more a product of anthropological folklore than the result of the metric data available from the skeletal remains. [/QUOTE]--C. Loring Brace(2006) The questionable contribution of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age to European craniofacial form [QUOTE] It has been proposed that heat adapted, relatively long-legged Homo sapiens from Africa replaced the cold adapted, relatively short-legged Homo neandertalensis of the Levant and Europe [/QUOTE]--J Hum Evol 32 (1997a) 423], Bogin B, Rios L. et al. [QUOTE] The subsequent post-28,000-B.P. Gravettian human sample of Europe includes numerous associated skeletons (Table 2) (Zilhão & Trinkaus 2002). Most of these specimens are fully modern in their morphology, and there is a persistence in them of both linear (equatorial) limb proportions and more "African" nasal morphology (Trinkaus 1981, Holliday 1997, Franciscus 2003). However, one Iberian specimen (Lagar Velho 1) exhibits Neandertal limb segment proportions and a series of relatively archaic cranial and postcranial features (Trinkaus & Zilhão 2002). In addition, central incisor shoveling, ubiquitous among the Neandertals, absent in the Qafzeh-Skhul sample, and variably present in the earlier European sample, persists at modest frequencies. And scapular axillary border dorsal sulci, an apparently Neandertal feature also absent in the Qafzeh-Skhul sample, is present [/QUOTE]--Trinkaus 2005 [QUOTE] "Nor does the picture get any clearer when we move on to the Cro-Magnons, the presumed ancestors of modern Europeans. Some looked more like present-day Australians or Africans, judged by OBJECTIVE anatomical categorizations, as is the case with some early modern skulls from the Upper Cave at Zhoukoudian in China." [/QUOTE]-- Am J Phys Anthropol. 1975 May;42(3):351-69, [QUOTE]In modern humans, this elongation is a pattern characteristic of warm-adapted populations, and this physique may be an early Cro-Magnon retention from African ancestors. Similar retentions may be observed in certain indices of facial shape [ ...] [/QUOTE]--Encyclopedia of Human Evolution and Prehistory: Second Edition by Eric Delson [QUOTE]"others like Predomost and to a lesser degree Grimaldi and Teviec, are more prognathic like Skhul 5." [/QUOTE]--Marta Mirazón Lahr. 2005. The Evolution of Modern Human Diversity: Detailed information on metrics : [IMG]http://books.google.nl/books?id=vfpYrleTsMcC&hl=nl&pg=PA241&img=1&pgis=1&dq=Grimaldi&sig=ACfU3U0YQOY16o8oOVQyGG9ScoJHtW1sWQ&edge=0[/IMG] [URL=http://tinyurl.com/pax6b6m]The Evolution of Modern Human Diversity: A Study of Cranial Variation[/URL] [QUOTE] Few scientists thought that much of evolutionary significance had gone on in North Africa, or that the region's big-toothed, somewhat archaic-looking hominins might be closely related to the ancestors of many living people. Now, thanks to new excavations and more accurate dating, North Africa boasts unequivocal signs of modern human behavior as early as anywhere else in the world, including South Africa. Climate reconstructions and fossil studies now suggest that the region was more hospitable during key periods than once thought. The data suggest that the Sahara Desert was a land of lakes and rivers about 130,000 years ago, when moderns first left Africa for sites in what is today Israel. And new studies of hominin fossils suggest some strong resemblances—and possible evolutionary connections—between North African specimens and fossils representing migrations out of Africa between 130,000 and 40,000 years ago. [/QUOTE]--Michael Balter Was North Africa the Launch Pad for Modern Human Migrations? http://www.sciencemag.org/content/331/6013/20 7 JANUARY 2011 VOL 331 SCIENCE, sciencemag E. A. A. Garcea, Ed., South-Eastern Mediterranean Peo- ples Between 130,000 and 10,000 Years Ago (Oxbow Books, 2010). J.-J. Hublin and S. McPherron, Eds., Modern Origins: A North African Perspective (Springer, in press). [URL=http://tinyurl.com/o7dy7n5]http://www.springer.com/Aterian[/URL] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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