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DNA studies if black amazigh im Morocco
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Ish Gebor: [QB] [QUOTE] Phylogeography The mtDNA haplogroup make-up of Italy as observed in our samples fits well with expectations in a typical European population. Thus, most of the Italian mtDNAs (,89%) could be attributed to European haplogroups H (,40%), I (,3%), J (,9%), T (,11%), U (,20%; U minus U6), V (,3%), X (,2%) and W (,1%); Figure 1. There are however important differences in haplogroup frequencies when examining them by main geographical regions. Thus, for instance, haplogroup H is 59% in the North, 46% in the Center, and decays to ,33% in the South; moreover, these regional differences are statistically significant: North vs South (Pearson’s chi-square, unadjusted-P val- ue,0.00003), and Center vs South (Pearson’s chi-square, unadjusted-P value,0.03724). Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes of African origin are mainly represented by haplogroups M1 (0.3%), U6 (0.8%) and L (1.2%); from here onwards, L will be used to refer to all mtDNA lineages, excluding the non-African branches N and M [60,61]. A total of 282 Y-chromosomes were analyzed for a set of Y- SNPs and were classified into 22 different haplogroups (Figure 3). Two haplogroups were not found, even though markers defining these clades were tested: N3 and R1a1. Five haplogroups represented 76.71% of the total chromosomes: R1b3, J2, I(xI1b2), E3b1 and G. The frequencies averaged across populations were 26%, 21.2%, 10.2%, 9.9% and 9.2%, respectively. The remaining haplogroups sum to 23.2% in the total sample, and never above 4% in single population samples. R1b3 frequency was found to be higher in the northern part of the country, while the Y-chromosome haplogroups G and E3b1, J2 and I(xI1b2)frequencies were higher in the south and in the central part of the country, respectively (Figure 1). Regional differences are substantially higher in the Y-chromo- some than in the mtDNA. [/QUOTE]--Francesca Brisighelli1,2,3., Vanesa A ́ lvarez-Iglesias1, Manuel Fondevila1, Alejandro Blanco-Verea1, A ́ ngel Carracedo1,4, Vincenzo L. Pascali2, Cristian Capelli3, Antonio Salas1*. Uniparental Markers of Contemporary Italian Population Reveals Details on Its Pre-Roman Heritage http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0050794&type=printable [/QB][/QUOTE]
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