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DNA studies if black amazigh im Morocco
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by the lioness,: [QB] This is interesting. Niger Tuareg are various L2 subclades (39%), followed by L3 (26%), more SSA ancestry than other Tuareg [IMG]https://i.imgbox.com/EO6lKGn6.png[/IMG] ^ However at the same time these Niger Tuareg like the Siwa of Egypt have a higher frequency of R1b than other berbers who are primarily E-M81 http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v18/n8/full/ejhg201021a.html [b]Linking the sub-Saharan and West Eurasian gene pools: maternal and paternal heritage of the Tuareg nomads from the African Sahel[/b] Luísa Pereira1,2, [QUOTE] Subjects The biological samples (buccal swabs) were obtained from three different groups of self-identified Tuareg (90 unrelated individuals in total). One population sample (n=38) was secured in Burkina Faso around the village Gorom-Gorom (further referred to as TGor). The second sample (n=31) was taken in the Republic of Niger in the vicinity of Tanut (TTan). The third sample (n=21) was collected in Mali near Gossi (TGos). Y chromosome pool in Tuareg From the 20 branches of the Y chromosome tree, which could be discriminated by the analyses performed, only 7 were observed in our Tuareg population sample (Supplementary Material SM7). Again, from this perspective of Y chromosome diversity, TTan is closer to sub-Saharan populations than the other two Tuareg populations, presenting 5.6% of the old AB lineages and 44.4% of E1b1a, whereas TGor and TGos have, respectively, 16.7 and 9.1% of E1b1a. Curiously, TTan also presents the highest frequency (33.3%) of West Eurasian R1b lineages whereas TGor presents only 5.6% of lineage K* (xO,P), and TGos presents none. There were no instances of the Eurasian J haplogroup in the Tuareg, which is otherwise frequent in North Africa (an average of 20%; see Arredi et al45), and attains the highest frequency in the Middle East (around 50%; see Semino et al)46. The dominant haplogroup in TGor (77.8%) and TGos (81.8%) is E1b1b1b, which has a much lower frequency in TTan (11.1%). This haplogroup reaches a mean frequency of 42% in North Africa, decreasing in frequency from 76% in Morocco to ~10% in Egypt.45 Arredi et al45 dated this haplogroup in North Africa from 2800 to 9800 YBP, associating its expansion with the Neolithic demic diffusion of Afro-Asiatic-speaking pastoralists from the Middle East. The weak Eastern African influence in Tuareg is further supported by the M1 haplotypes belonging to the lineages characteristic of the later Mediterranean expansion (M1b and M1a2a) and the presence of very few matches for sub-Saharan L haplotypes with East Africa. The main post-LGM Eurasian and M1a2a lineages found in the Tuareg favour North African origin with migration to its southern location in the Sahel between ~9000 and ~3000 years ago. The upper time limit is defined by the age of the M1a2a, (estimated here from the coding region diversity observed in the three Tuareg, two North and two south Mediterranean individuals at 8000±2400), and by the upper 95% confidence interval for the Tuareg V lineages having polymorphism 16 234 (8800 years ago); the lower limit is defined by the age of the Tuareg V lineages having polymorphism 16 234 (3600 years ago). [/QUOTE] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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