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Ancient Egyptian DNA from 1300BC to 426 AD
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Oshun: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Cass/: [qb] Gene flow is bilateral. If you're arguing for a small amount of gene flow from south Levant into northern Egypt since the Neolithic, then there was gene flow the other direction. Even if asymmetrical, i.e. more gene flow one way than the other this makes little difference: "the genetic effects of asymmetry are not very different from those expected under a symmetric model" (Relethford, 1999). The only way south Levantine ancestry would accumulate in northern Egyptians over many generations with small-scale gene flow - is if the northern Egyptian population was continuously much smaller than the south Levant population: this is because over-time a population that is a lot larger in size will exert the greatest genetic impact; I showed this with migration matrices from Relethford (1999) in the thread I made on Multiregionalism. [/qb][/QUOTE] [QUOTE]Second, if the Badari were having contact with Syria and Uruk and Faiyum had settlements labeled "Near Eastern," it's not all that hard to extend perceptions of the Nile Valley's contacts with the East beyond the Levant toward Middle East and Mesopotamia. Some Faiyum A settlements have been attributed to the Middle East, though I'd have to vet wiki's sources on this. So far, what I got was this: Faiyum: [QUOTE]Settler colonists from the Near East would most likely have merged with the indigenous cultures resulting in a mixed economy with the agricultural aspect of the economy increasing in frequency through time, which is what the archaeological record more precisely indicates. Both pottery, lithics, and economy with Near Eastern characteristics, and lithics with African characteristics are present in the Fayum A culture.[/QUOTE]Shirai, Noriyuki (2010). The Archaeology of the First Farmer-Herders in Egypt: New Insights into the Fayum Epipalaeolithic. Archaeological Studies Leiden University. Leiden University Press. [/QUOTE]The only thing what you're saying [b]potentially[/b] suggests is that this theory would require that settlement and contact extended beyond the Levant and into the Middle East. Apparently even the Badarians had contact with Syrians and "Near Easterners" are being said to have established settlements in Faiyum. Where these settlements specifically came from is something I'll have to look into more. But your comments don't make the theory impossible. Tho about the Levant, you haven't produced any data on the population density. I'm not googling it either. [QUOTE]I see no evidence that Neolithic-to-Bronze Age southern Levant was significantly larger in population size to northern Egypt. They were both rather sparsely population compared to the Fertile Crescent and Upper Egypt. And there's little archaeological evidence for Mesopotamian-Egyptian contact, e.g. most of the foreign pottery or goods in northern Egypt from the Neolithic and Early/Middle Bronze Age are from the south Levant, not Fertile Crescent.[/QUOTE]-There is apparently evidence of contact (and even settlement of Near Eastern people or Levanites). -"Little" is all that is required. -It appears you're saying that Lower Egypt was sparsely populated. Tho the more sparsely populated, the fewer people would've needed to have settled there to reach the 3-5% threshold (and apparently there [b]were[/b] settlements). Both regions could've reached needed thresholds with [b]very[/b] few people navigating both ways. The theory isn't insisting on a mass invasion or immigration, but an event that happened over thousands of years by [b]very[/b] low numbers over the course of many generations. Foreign influences are not typically denied in the predynastic, it's just prefaced with the idea that foreign influences did not constitute massive displacement. You're saying that it that over the course of an entire generation, Levanites [b]and[/b] Middle Easterners couldn't possibly have contributed a couple thousand people to Lower Egyptian predynastic populations. Even as I'm tread that far, I'm assuming a hypothetical situation where populations in northern Egypt hadn't grown [b]at all[/b] by 4000 BC. It's fairly possible that very sparsely populated peoples prior to that would've need less than 1,000 foreign contributors) to reach thresholds. That too would be impossible or unlikely? [IMG]http://mrwgifs.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Stephen-Colbert-Go-On-Yes-Nod-On-The-Colbert-Report.gif[/IMG] [/QB][/QUOTE]
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