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Modern Egyptians are 68% North African , 17% Arab - Nat Geo
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[QUOTE]Originally posted by HeartofAfrica: [QB] [QUOTE]Originally posted by Hamilcar: [qb]...good luck to find any old empire frescoe that represent black people. [/qb][/QUOTE]Boy was this transparent, why aren't you on euronut boards? In any case...can't continue to ignore reality. I've provided that reality to you, you can only delude yourself for so long. Don't get hang up on the babari affiliation, that's not a smoking gun. Nor does it help you. [QUOTE]Originally posted by Ish Gebor: [qb] ^Most of what you’ve posted was already debunked. lol This just shows how illogical your reasoning is. [QUOTE] Thus, not only did Nubia have a prominent role in the origin of Ancient Egypt, it was also a key area for the origin of the entire African pastoral tradition. [/QUOTE]~Gatto M. 2009. The Nubian Pastoral Culture as Link between Egypt and Africa: A View from the Archaeological Record Egypt in its African Context: BAR S2204- Archaeopress. 21-29 [QUOTE] Moreover, although the Nubian and Egyptian samples formed one well-distributed group, the Egyptian samples clustered in the upper left region, while the Nubians concentrated in the lower right of the plot. One line can be drawn that would separate the closely dispersed Egyptians and Nubians. The predynastic Egyptian samples clustered together (Badari and Naqada), while Gizeh most closely groups with the Lisht sample. [/QUOTE]~Godde K. An Examination of Nubian and Egyptian biological distances: Support for biological diffusion or in situ development? Homo. 2009;60(5):389-404. Epub 2009 Sep 19. [QUOTE] More recent interpretations contend that Egyptians from the south actually expanded into the northern regions during the Dynastic state unification (Hassan, 1988; Savage, 2001), and that the Predynastic populations of Upper and Lower Egypt are morphologically distinct from one another, but not sufficiently distinct to consider either non-indigenous (Zakrzewski, 2007). The Predynastic populations studied here, from Naqada and Badari, are both Upper Egyptian samples, while the Dynastic Egyptian sample (Tarkhan) is from Lower Egypt. The Dynastic Nubian sample is from Upper Nubia (Kerma). Previous analyses of cranial variation found the Badari and Early Predynastic Egyptians to be more similar to other African groups than to Mediterranean or European populations (Keita, 1990; Zakrzewski, 2002). [/QUOTE]~AP Starling, JT Stock. (2007), Dental Indicators of Health and Stress in Early Egyptian and Nubian Agriculturalists: A Difficult Transition and Gradual Recovery. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 134:520–528 Introduction to Research at Naqada Region [QUOTE] [b]“The Predynastic populations studied here, from Naqada and Badari, are both Upper Egyptian samples,[/b] while the Dynastic Egyptian sample (Tarkhan) is from Lower Egypt. The Dynastic Nubian sample is from Upper Nubia (Kerma). [b]Previous analyses of cranial variation found the Badari and Early Predynastic Egyptians to be more similar to other African groups than to Mediterranean or European populations (Keita, 1990; Zakrzewski, 2002)[/b] [/QUOTE]~D. Usai, S. Salvatori, T. Jakob & R. David The Al Khiday Cemetery in Central Sudan and its “Classic/Late Meroitic” Period Graves Journal of African Archaeology, Volume 12 (2), 2014, pages 183-204, DOI 10.3213/2191-5784-10254 [QUOTE] [b]Bivariate analyses distinguish Jebel Sahaba from European and circumpolar samples[/b], but do not tend to segregate them from recent North or sub-Saharan African samples [/QUOTE]~T. W. Holliday* 2013 Population Affinities of the Jebel Sahaba Skeletal Sample: Limb Proportion Evidence http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/oa.2315/abstract [QUOTE] "As a result of their facial prognathism, the Badarian sample has been described as forming a morphological cluster with Nubian, Tigrean, and other southern (or "Negroid") groups [...] This evidence suggests that the process of state formation itself may have been mainly an indigenous process, but that it may have occurred in association with in-migration to the Abydos region of the Nile Valley. This potential in-migration may have occurred particularly during the EDyn and OK. [/QUOTE]~Sonia R. Zakrzewski. (2007). Population Continuity or Population Change: Formation of the Ancient Egyptian State. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 132:501-509) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.20569/abstract [QUOTE] [IMG]http://www.nature.com/scitable/content/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/74569980/1_2.jpg[/IMG] Figure 1: Images of North African prehistoric rock and cave paintings. From (a, b) Swimmer’s Cave (Wadi Sura, southern Egypt), (c) the Ennedi massif (northeastern Chad) and (d) Zolat el Hammad, Wadi Howar (northern Sudan). Paleoclimate and archaeological evidence tells us that, 11,000-5,000 years ago, the Earth's slow orbital 'wobble' transformed today's Sahara desert to a land covered with vegetation and lakes. [/QUOTE] http://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/green-sahara-african-humid-periods-paced-by-82884405 [QUOTE]"They clearly show that, despite the presence of domesticates, fish predominate in the animal bone assemblages. In this sense, there is continuity with the earlier Holocene occupation from the Fayum, starting ca. 7350 BC. Domesticated plants and animals appear first from approximately 5400 BC. [b]The earliest possible evidence for domesticates in Egypt are the very controversial domesticated cattle from the 9th/8th millennium BC in the Nabta Playa-Bir Kiseiba area."[/b][/QUOTE]~Veerle Linseele et al. PLoS One. 2014; 9(10): e108517. Published online 2014 Oct 13. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108517 PMCID: PMC4195595 New Archaeozoological Data from the Fayum “Neolithic” with a Critical Assessment of the Evidence for Early Stock Keeping in Egypt https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4195595/ [IMG]https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Matthieu_Honegger/publication/271208783/figure/fig2/AS:667598278623237@1536179241254/Map-of-Egypt-and-Nubia-with-the-localisation-of-the-main-area-where-a-chronological.ppm[/IMG] [/qb][/QUOTE]This whole quote might help you rethink your purposed "check mate"... Seems like you reside in the same pit as Nassa indeed. Start connecting the dots... [QUOTE]Originally posted by HeartofAfrica: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22146064/ [IMG]https://i.imgur.com/b1AKv19.png[/IMG] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21082907/ [IMG]https://i.imgur.com/21RxgUR.png[/IMG] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-1809.2008.00493.x [IMG]https://i.imgur.com/zOO3zL5.png[/IMG][/QUOTE]Plus, it's funny that you dismiss the 18th period pictures. But how much further back do you want to dismiss native origins? with the explaination that "Nubian" married Egyptians, with Egyptians not being Africans. The study from those 2017 mummies from the 12th dynastic period doesn't help your case. [/QB][/QUOTE]
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