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"Over time the Portuguese came to encourage inter-tribal wars in Africa. The winners won by exchanging the clothes, food, horses, cattle, weapons, ammunition, brown sugar, tobacco and cachaça. In Some tribal leaders (chiefs) were bartering their goods with those warriors. Thus, more than 70 million Africans were enslaved or murdered between the fifteenth and nineteenth centuries."
Posts: 8 | From: Europe | Registered: Aug 2011
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During the summer of 1845, a "blight of unusual character" devastated Ireland's potato crop, the basic staple in the Irish diet. A few days after potatoes were dug from the ground, they began to turn into a slimy, decaying, blackish "mass of rottenness." Expert panels convened to investigate the blight's cause suggested that it was the result of "static electricity" or the smoke that billowed from railroad locomotives or the "mortiferous vapours" rising from underground volcanoes. In fact, the cause was a fungus that had traveled from Mexico to Ireland.
"Famine fever"--cholera, dysentery, scurvy, typhus, and infestations of lice--soon spread through the Irish countryside. Observers reported seeing children crying with pain and looking "like skeletons, their features sharpened with hunger and their limbs wasted, so that there was little left but bones." Masses of bodies were buried without coffins, a few inches below the soil.
Over the next ten years, more than 750,000 Irish died and another 2 million left their homeland for Great Britain, Canada, and the United States. Within five years, the Irish population was reduced by a quarter.
The Irish potato famine was not simply a natural disaster. It was a product of social causes. Under British rule, Irish Catholics were prohibited from entering the professions or even purchasing land. Instead, many rented small plots of land from absentee British Protestant landlords. Half of all landholdings were less than 5 acres in 1845.
Irish peasants subsisted on a diet consisting largely of potatoes, since a farmer could grow triple the amount of potatoes as grain on the same plot of land. A single acre of potatoes could support a family for a year. About half of Ireland's population depended on potatoes for subsistence.
The inadequacy of relief efforts by the British Government worsened the horrors of the potato famine. Initially, England believed that the free market would end the famine. In 1846, in a victory for advocates of free trade, Britain repealed the Corn Laws, which protected domestic grain producers from foreign competition. The repeal of the Corn Laws failed to end the crisis since the Irish lacked sufficient money to purchase foreign grain.
In the spring of 1847, Britain adopted other measures to cope with the famine, setting up soup kitchens and programs of emergency work relief. But many of these programs ended when a banking crisis hit Britain. In the end, Britain relied largely on a system of work houses, which had originally been established in 1838, to cope with the famine. But these grim institutions had never been intended to deal with a crisis of such sweeping scope. Some 2.6 million Irish entered overcrowded workhouses, where more than 200,000 people died.
The Irish Potato Famine left as its legacy deep and lasting feelings of bitterness and distrust toward the British. Far from being a natural disaster, many Irish were convinced that the famine was a direct outgrowth of British colonial policies. In support of this contention, they noted that during the famine's worst years, many Anglo-Irish estates continued to export grain and livestock to England.
................ The wild tribes starved their "brothers" for money. What intelligence!
Posts: 8804 | From: The fear of his majesty had entered their hearts, they were powerless | Registered: Nov 2007
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HOlocaust an end to innocence by seymour rossel
quote:Slavery
It was not long before the Nazis found still another way of profiting from the Jews. The SS, under Heinrich Himmler, began to use captive Jews as slaves. There was a new twist in the Nazi brand of slavery, however. Whereas in the past, slaves were valued for their labor, the Nazis saw no value in the Jews at all. Their idea of slavery was to work the slave to death. Himmler bragged that when he ran out of Jews, he would use Slavs or Poles as slaves.
The SS offered Jewish slaves for hire to large German factories and industries such as stone quarries, coalmines, glass works, textile factories, brickyards, and iron works. To keep the Jews working, the SS guard beat them or whipped them. Those Jews who fell down from exhaustion or refused to work were killed on the spot. The owners of the factories paid a small fee to the SS for each slave they used; and many new factories were built close to the concentration camps just to be near this cheap labor supply.
Forced labor took many forms. Jews were rounded up in Poland, for example, and made to clean the streets, dig ditches, build canals and fortifications, and even build the walls of the Jewish ghettos -- the very walls that held them prisoners. Jewish slaves were used to dig out huge plots of earth that served as mass graves when the Jews of a town were machine-gunned to death. In the death camps Jewish slaves were forced to move the bodies of dead Jews from the gas chambers to the furnaces where the bodies were burned, and to remove the ashes of the victims and clean the furnaces.
One boy, sent to a coal mine near the Polish-German border, wrote:
Why are we here? A hundred Jewish boys of fifteen, seventeen, and twenty, miserable and unhappy. Many of us have seen our own families killed. Apparently just to make us suffer. We are exposed to the jeers and mockery of the German brutes. On top of the blows: hunger. We were warned that if they found any bread on us beyond the ration, we would be shot. Fifteen days later there were only sixty-five of us left out of one hundred. [Private letter, quoted in Leon Poliakov, Harvest of Hate]
The Nazis' hatred of Jews was such that many Nazis wanted to make the Jews suffer, even more than they wanted to make money from Jewish labor. To these Nazis, slavery was better than killing the Jews immediately, for the slaves would first be profitable, then they would die, and they would also suffer cruelly.
the viking slave trade by clare downham HIstory Ireland, Vol 17;3
quote:The practise of slavery by vikings in Ireland can similarly be interpreted in two ways; it was a trade already well established in medieval Ireland and Britain in which Scandinavian entrepreneurs played no worse a role, or it can be argued that there was something strikingly abhorrent about the scale and nature of the vikings’ acquisition and sale of human cargo.
They where white and they were slaves by michael hoffman
quote:The fate of the hundreds of thousands of White slaves sold to the Arabs ... In the ninth century the Vikings sold tens of thousands of Whites to the Arabs of Spain. ...
quote:In early Anglo-Saxon times, slaves were often descendants of the conquered British population: the Anglo-Saxon word for "Briton" is used interchangeably for "slave". The commonest sort of slave in later Anglo-Saxon times was by far the penal slave, a person enslaved as criminal penalty from crimes committed. In hard times, the poorer agricultural class found their only hope of sustenance in voluntarily submitting to slavery, and sold themselves and their families to survive.
Charles Verlinden (1983) Les Radaniya et Verdun. A propos de la traite des esclaves slaves vers l’Espagne musulmane aux IXe et Xe siècles
quote:Slaves from the Slav area had been brought in caravans to western Europe since the early 8th century and may have reached Muslim Spain passing through Frankish territory. Jewish merchants, which Ibn Khordadbeh called “Radaniya”, participated in this trade since the beginning and practiced castration of slaves.
Verlinden discusses the different trade routes over the Alpine passes to Venice on one hand, and through the Frankish reign on the other. The latter became more important in the 10th century due to the growing number of wars against Slavs on the frontiers of the Ottoman Empire. On this route slaves came to Verdun, which became a centre for the slave trade and castration(OUCH). Verlinden has no doubt about the Jewish identity of the merchants.
im not going to mention russians, romans, not greeks u know their stylo(GAY) so im just going to express in pictures SWING LOW check out link
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But you do not talk that Vikings and Anglo Saxons were black? And now?
Dishonesty Afrocentric detected!
Thank the white man for having taken you from savagery sub Saharan Africa. the white man did not care to get some tobacco and buy you to burn them to behave like humans.
Posts: 8 | From: Europe | Registered: Aug 2011
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this guy is the same troll called Malibingo or somthing like that..
Posts: 8804 | From: The fear of his majesty had entered their hearts, they were powerless | Registered: Nov 2007
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^^lol, what a pathetic buffoon. They think posting a few racial jibes means anything. What they don't count on is that people in reply will turn a hard eye on supposed European "role models" and put them under the microscope. The resulting exposure is not pretty.
As to slavery, various histories record extensive slavery in Europe long before the African trade, with exchange goods ranging from cattle to pottery used to acquire or sell slaves. In England, European "role models" held some ten percent of the population in slavery as a 30 second Google search reveals. And that's just England. The Slavic lands, from which the world "slave" derives is even uglier. The famous French town of Verdun, foe example served as a major castration center for white Slavic eunuchs bound for Muslim lands. Per one historian:
"Right to the end it its days, Anglo-Saxon England was a slave owning community.. the slave trade operated to feed the needs of two distinct communities: the Moslems.. and the Scandinavians." Yet even the most conservative estimate suggests that at least ten percent of the population of England were still slaves in 1086. .." --Slaves and warriors in medieval Britain and Ireland, 800-1200. By David R. Wyatt
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quote:Slavery
It was not long before the Nazis found still another way of profiting from the Jews. The SS, under Heinrich Himmler, began to use captive Jews as slaves. There was a new twist in the Nazi brand of slavery, however. Whereas in the past, slaves were valued for their labor, the Nazis saw no value in the Jews at all. Their idea of slavery was to work the slave to death. Himmler bragged that when he ran out of Jews, he would use Slavs or Poles as slaves.
The SS offered Jewish slaves for hire to large German factories and industries such as stone quarries, coalmines, glass works, textile factories, brickyards, and iron works. To keep the Jews working, the SS guard beat them or whipped them. Those Jews who fell down from exhaustion or refused to work were killed on the spot. The owners of the factories paid a small fee to the SS for each slave they used; and many new factories were built close to the concentration camps just to be near this cheap labor supply.
Forced labor took many forms. Jews were rounded up in Poland, for example, and made to clean the streets, dig ditches, build canals and fortifications, and even build the walls of the Jewish ghettos -- the very walls that held them prisoners. Jewish slaves were used to dig out huge plots of earth that served as mass graves when the Jews of a town were machine-gunned to death. In the death camps Jewish slaves were forced to move the bodies of dead Jews from the gas chambers to the furnaces where the bodies were burned, and to remove the ashes of the victims and clean the furnaces.
^^Supposedly more virtuous cold-climate European "role models" at work.
Posts: 5905 | From: The Hammer | Registered: Aug 2008
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Pertinax The word "crusade" literally means "going to the Cross." Hence the idea at the time was to urge Christian warriors to go to Palestine and free Jerusalem and other holy places from Muslim domination. The first crusade was a grand success for the Christian armies; Jerusalem and other cities fell to the knights. The second crusade, however, ended in humiliation in 1148, when the armies of France and Germany failed to take Damascus. The third ended in 1192 in a compromise between English king Richard the Lion-Hearted of England and the Muslim leader Saladin, who granted access to Christians to the holy places. The fourth crusade led to the sacking of Constantinople, where a Latin Kingdom of Byzantium was set up in 1204 and lasted for about 60 years. The Children's Crusade of 1212 ended with thousands of children being sold into slavery, lost, or killed. http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/the-childrens-crusade.htm These mutha Fkrs 1st entice then used children as fudder realizing they can"t even feed them what did these gallant men do?? sold them to their Turkish or Arab enemies as SLAVES!!Posts: 6546 | From: japan | Registered: Feb 2009
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It should be noted that before the modern era when technology began to displace human labour power, the major factor of production was labour. And the only way that labour could be displaced--the work was really back-breaking--was through coercion--hence slavery. Thus, before the era of machines, capitalism and "free" labour, all of Europe was mostly slave and serf[from Latin "servus" meaning slave].
But one thing though: most of the Africans caught up in the trans-Atlantic slave enterprise were prisoners of war--encouraged by the European dealers. The African kings involved in the enterprise--in all their ignorance merely exchanged prisoners of war for trade goods. I say they were ignorant because the real value of their captives was much above the petty trade items they received.
One point often overlooked is that the African kings didn't care what the captives were being used for. All they cared about--in their ignorance--was the trade items they received. So I would not say that the captives "were sold into slavery". I would say that they were just sold or bartered for trade items.
Posts: 5492 | Registered: Nov 2004
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--Slaves and warriors in medieval Britain and Ireland, 800-1200. By David R. Wyatt
Data therein shows Europeans trading each other as slaves for cattle. Scots slave raiders in particular, did a brisk bidniss.
-------------------- Note: I am not an "Egyptologist" as claimed by some still bitter, defeated, trolls creating fake profiles and posts elsewhere. Hapless losers, you still fail. My output of hard data debunking racist nonsense has actually INCREASED since you began.. Posts: 5905 | From: The Hammer | Registered: Aug 2008
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Just for the record, cachaça was a major exchange item up to the 19th century on all sides of the Atlantic. It and other fermented sugarcane liquors -- an invention of West Indies enslaved Africans -- were used like money in local and international buying and selling in Africa, Europe, the Americas, and Australia.
To me, cane juice is one of four things making life worth the living: 1 - women (ah) 2 - music (to hear women sing and see women dance) 3 - rum (to heighten the women/music experiences) 4 - cigars (to bask in the afterglow of all the above).
Posts: 8014 | From: the Tekrur in the Western Sahel | Registered: Feb 2006
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