posted
I found what may be an important new source, but I need help!
But first, a little history, so that everyone will understand the connections and interconnections.
This is a cut-n-paste job from Wiki articles, because one White boy will tell the truth about one thing, and lie about another.
Hungary
Its original inhabitants were the Pannonii (Pannonians), a group of tribes akin to Illyrians. From the 4th century BC it was invaded by various Celtic tribes. Little is heard of Pannonia until 35 BC, when its inhabitants, allies of the Dalmatians, were attacked by Augustus, who conquered and occupied Siscia (Sisak). The country was not, however, definitely subdued until 9 BC, when it was incorporated into Illyricum, the frontier of which was thus extended as far as the Danube.
In AD 6, the Pannonians, with the Dalmatians and other Illyrian tribes, engaged in the so-called Great Illyrian Revolt, and were overcome by Tiberius and Germanicus, after a hard-fought campaign which lasted for three years. After the rebellion was crushed in AD 9, the province of Illyricum was dissolved, and its lands were divided between the new provinces of Pannonia in the north and Dalmatia in the south. The date of the division is unknown, most certainly after AD 20 but before AD 50. The proximity of dangerous barbarian tribes (Quadi, Marcomanni) necessitated the presence of a large number of troops (seven legions in later times), and numerous fortresses were built on the bank of the Danube.
Some time between the years 102 and 107, between the first and second Dacian wars, Trajan divided the province into Pannonia Superior (western part with the capital Carnuntum), and Pannonia Inferior (eastern part with the capital Aquincum). According to Ptolemy, these divisions were separated by a line drawn from Arrabona (Győr) in the north to Servitium (Gradiška) in the south; later, the boundary was placed further east.
After four centuries of existence, Roman civilization was swept away by the great migrations. For five hundred years the Carpathian Basin had been already the "the people's highway", with various White tribes such as the Visigoths, the Ostrogoths and the Lombards migrating across the area after sojourning for various lengths of time. After the Western Roman Empire collapsed under the stress of the migration of Germanic tribes, and Carpian pressure.
(The Carpi or Carpiani were an ancient people that resided, between not later than ca. AD 140 and until at least AD 318, in the former Principality of Moldavia (modern eastern Romania). The archaeology of Moldavia in the period 106-318 shows the coexistence of two distinct material cultures, one sedentary, the other exhibiting the features of a nomadic steppe culture. The sedentary culture was on a material level not significantly higher than other barbarian regions on the fringes of the Roman empire. The ethnic affiliation of the Carpi remains disputed, as there is no direct evidence in the surviving ancient literary sources. A strong body of modern scholarly opinion considers that the Carpi were a tribe of the Dacian nation. Other scholars have linked the Carpi to a variety of ethnic groups, including Sarmatians, Thracians, Germans, and Celts).
Nomadic-culture graves are predominantly inhumation-type, found in 38 places in Moldavia by 1976. These are predominantly found on the plains, rarely on the Carpathian foothills (i.e. East of the Siret), either singly or in small groups of 2-13 graves, including men. women and children. The great majority of nomadic-culture graves are flat (non-tumular), in contrast to nomadic barrow-graves found from the Dniester region eastwards. However, some secondary barrow-burials (i.e. using pre-existing barrows) have been found, mostly dating from 200 onwards.The nomadic graves always contain grave-goods, often including weapons, and mirrors engraved with tamgas (ritual/tribal symbols associated with nomadic steppe cultures).
6 cemeteries in Bichir's list contain both cremation and inhumation graves. At the Poieneşti site (the only one fully investigated by 1976), 6 adults and 17 children were buried (compared with 62 cremated). Of these, 2 adults and 7 children were found to have artificially elongated crania. This custom, achieved by tightly binding an infant's skull during its early growth phase, is associated with Black people EVERYWHERE!
Later, the empire of the Huns came, the military power that finally forced the withdrawal of the Roman legions. In the middle of the 5th century, Pannonia was ceded to the Huns by Theodosius II. In the 560s the Avars (a highly organized nomadic confederacy of mixed origins. They were ruled by a khagan, who was surrounded by a tight-knit entourage of nomad warriors, an organization characteristic of Turko-Mongol groups), founded the Avar Khaganate, a state which maintained supremacy in the region for more than two centuries and had the military power to launch attacks against all its neighbours. The Avar Khagnate was weakened by constant wars and outside pressure, and the Franks under Charlemagne managed to defeat the Avars, ending their 250-year rule. In the middle of the 9th century, the Slavic Balaton Principality, also known as Lower Pannonia, was established by the Franks as a frontier march when they destroyed the Avar state in the western part of the Pannonian plain; however this vassal state was destroyed in 900 by Hungarian tribes.
After the fall of the great Hun and Avar nomadic empires, only the Western Slavic and Southern Slavic people, who had been settling in the area since the 6th and 7th centuries succeeded in establishing themselves in the Carpathian Basin. In 895/896, under the leadership of Árpád, some Hungarians (meaningless modern name) crossed the Carpathians and entered the Carpathian Basin. The tribe called Magyers was the leading tribe of an alliance that conquered the centre of the basin. The Magyers confederation of Turkic tribes was probably led by two high princes: the kende (their spiritual ruler) and the gyula (their military leader). The high princes were either elected by the leaders of the tribes or appointed by the Khagan of the Khazars (Modern Jews) who had been exerting influence over the Magyars. Around 862 the seven tribes separated from the Khazars.The force led by Árpád is estimated at about 400,000 people, consisting of seven Hungarian tribes, one Kabar tribe, and other smaller tribes.
In the first half of the tenth century, during the decades the followed the Conquest, raiding expeditions of Magyar mounted warriors subjected all Europe to a constant state of terror. In time, however, they began to feel the effects of Western counter-strategy. When the Magyars invaded Bavaria in 955, the armoured cavalry of Otto the Great, Holy Roman Emperor, checked their advance, and in the decisive battle at Lechfeld it annihilated the Magyar assailants. Although the Magyars launched further attacks on Byzantium following this devastating defeat, it became clear that they had arrived at a decisive historic cross-road. Two alternatives confronted them: either they settle down, form a state and adjust themselves to the people of Europe, or else the same fate would befall them as that of the other nomadic peoples who had been annihilated in previous centuries.
Stephen I The first kings of the kingdom were from the Árpád dynasty, and the first Christian King was Stephen I, who was crowned on 25 December 1000 (or 1 January 1001) with the crown Pope Sylvester II had sent him with the consent of Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor. The Roman Catholic Church received powerful support from Stephen I, who with Christian Hungarians and German knights wanted a Christian kingdom established in Central Europe.
Charles I (1288 – ), the first King of Hungary and Croatia (1308–42) of the House of Anjou. He was also descended from the old Hungarian Árpád dynasty. His claim to the throne of Hungary was contested by several pretenders. Nevertheless, although he was only a child when his grandfather, King Charles II of Naples sent him to Hungary in 1300, Charles would strengthen his rule in the kingdom against his opponents and the powerful magnates following a long series of internal struggles. His most successful achievement was the mutual defense union with Poland and Bohemia against the Habsburgs (Holy Roman Empire). Charles was born in Naples, southern Italy, the only son of Charles Martel, Prince of Salerno and his wife Clementia, a daughter of King Rudolph I of Germany. His paternal grandmother, Mary, a daughter of King Stephen V of Hungary, declared her claim to Hungary following the death of her brother, King Ladislaus IV of Hungary.
The House of Anjou (Angevin Empire) The term Angevin Empire is a modern term describing the collection of states once ruled by the Angevin Plantagenet dynasty. The Angevins, also known as the House of Anjou, were a noble family founded in the early years of the Carolingian Empire. They first emerged as part of the minor feudal nobility, in what would soon be known as the Kingdom of France during the 10th century. After Geoffrey III, Count of Anjou inherited Anjou from his mother in 1060, the family began to grow in prominence, soon acquiring Maine. After going on crusade and becoming close to the Knights Templar, the Kingdom of Jerusalem was received through marriage by Fulk of Jerusalem in 1131. The senior line of the family branched off to become the House of Plantagenet, assuming the nickname of Geoffrey V of Anjou, its founder, eventually going on to rule the Kingdom of England, Lordship of Ireland, Principality of Wales and various other holdings in the vast Angevin Empire in 1154.
Carolingian Empire (800–888) is a historiographical term which has been used to refer to the realm of the Franks under the Carolingian dynasty in the Early Middle Ages. This dynasty is seen as the founders of France and Germany, and its beginning date is based on the crowning of Charlemagne, or Charles the Great, and ends with the death of Charles the Fat. Depending on one's perspective, this Empire can be seen as the later history of the Frankish Realm or the early history of France and of the Holy Roman Empire.
The House of Plantagenet, a branch of the Angevins, was a royal house founded by Geoffrey V of Anjou, father of Henry II of England. Plantagenet kings first ruled the Kingdom of England in the 12th century. Their paternal ancestors originated in the French province of Gâtinais and gained the County of Anjou through marriage during the 11th century. The dynasty accumulated several other holdings, building the Angevin Empire that at its peak stretched from the Pyrenees to Ireland and the border with Scotland.
Edward II king of England - House of Plantagenet
Edward's downfall came when his wife Isabella of France and her baronial lover Roger Mortimer set out to depose the king with the help of Henry, Earl of Lancaster, brother of the executed Earl Thomas. In defeat Edward agreed to abdicate the throne in favour of his and Isabella's son, Edward III of England.
Edward III king of England (the Black Prince) - House of Plantagenet
Edward III married Philippa of Hainaut, (1314 – 1369). Hainaut consisted of what is now the Belgian province of Hainaut and the southern part of the French département Nord. In Roman times, Hainaut was situated in the Roman provinces of Belgica and Germania Inferior and inhabited by Celtic tribes (Black people), until Germanic peoples (White people) replaced them and ended Roman Imperial rule.The eldest of her fourteen children was Edward, the Black Prince, who became a renowned military leader. Philppa died at the age of fifty-five from an illness closely related to dropsy. The Queen's College, Oxford was founded in her honour.
Louis I, the great of Hungary (Ludwik Wegierski) - son of Charles I Louis was the head of the senior branch of the Angevin dynasty. He was one of the most active and accomplished monarchs of the Late Middle Ages, extending territorial control to the Adriatic and securing Dalmatia, with part of Bosnia and Bulgaria, within the Holy Crown of Hungary. During his reign Hungary reached the peak of its political influence. He spent much of his reign in wars with the Republic of Venice. He was in competition for the throne of Naples, with huge military success and the latter with little lasting political results. Louis is the first European monarch who came into collision with the Ottoman Turks.
The coins look like a Blackamoor to me!
This is his internet picture.
In 1342, Louis married his first wife, Margaret (1335 – 1349), underaged daughter of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, who died while still a minor. He then married his second wife, Elisabeth, daughter of Stephen II of Bosnia, who became Louis's vassal, and Elisabeth of Kuyavia, in 1353. Louis had three known daughters, all born of his second wife: Catherine (1370 – 1378), Mary, his successor in Hungary, who married Sigismund, at that time Margrave of Brandenburg (1371 – 1395), who became King of Hungary (1387–1437) and Holy Roman Emperor (1433–1437). Hedwige his successor in Poland, who married Jogaila, then Grand Duke of Lithuania.
Later the King Matthias Corvinus was elected by the nobles of the Kingdom, being the first Hungarian monarch which descended from an aristocratic family, and not from a royal family that inherited the title by blood traces. The same happened decades later with the King John I of Hungary, who was elected in 1526 after the death of the King Louis II of Hungary in the battle of Mohács. After this, the House of Habsburg inherited the throne, and ruled Hungary from Austria for almost 500 years until 1918.
SEE THE CONNECTIONS WITH THE BLACK HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE?
The picture of Edward III is at the following link. It is a very large archive with many attached archives in other countries. It would be a very good thing for everyone to search these archives and post relevant pictures.
Edward III king of England (the Black Prince) - House of Plantagenet
Mike, a little error here. You have a picture of King Edward the III of England and in parenthesis "the Black Prince" that doesn't make sense.
what would make sense is to say
"Edward III king of England. (His son was The Black Prince)"
You make it seem as if King Edward himslef was called The Black Prince. Please put up a picture of Edward of Woodstock, Prince of Wales also known as the Black Prince, thank you. (select carefully)
Quote from site: The portrait of Prince Edward of Woodstock follows the pattern of the other figures in the book: wearing the Order's mantle and arms, his own heraldry and that of his family. The portraits probably are not in their original order. The one now facing depicts Sir Sanset Dabrichecourt.
Note his heraldry on the bottom, includes the double headed Eagle of the Holy Roman Empire.Posts: 22721 | Registered: Oct 2005
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^A note on searching the library: Like all White institutions, they use only Whitenized images. But occasionally they miss the small ones. That is the only reason that I was able to get the picture of the Black Edward III above, which is on the page below. So you have to look at even small images carefully - use the zoom feature.
Also, they have an image search, try using that first.
Here is a real nice Whitenizing job they did on this Black woman. Sh1t, they even made her lighter than the White guys: He,he,he - Albinos are sick!
The biblical book known in the Protestant tradition as the Book of Revelation. During the Middle Ages, Apocalypse manuscripts were produced in Latin and Anglo-Norman versions often accompanied by COMMENTARIES, such as that of Berengaudus, and sometimes with PICTURE CYCLES of varying length, style, and technique. These cycles catered to a wide range of PATRONS.
Although known during the early Middle Ages, Apocalypse manuscripts were particularly popular in tenth- and eleventh-century Spain, where the scriptural text was integrated with the commentary of Beatus of Liébana (c. 776) and produced in lavishly illustrated copies in Mozarabic style. They were also popular in England for a brief time (c. 1250-75), with production probably centred in London. Apocalypse manuscripts proliferated during the thirteenth century, possibly due to escalating fears concerning the Antichrist (associated by many with the Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick II, 1194-1250), the approach of the Tartar hordes, and the coming of the Last Judgment. Use of the text as an ALLEGORY of personal Christian experience may also have added to its appeal.
APPLIED COVER
The picture is from Egerton manuscript 809
Origin Germany, S. (Swabia, possibly Hirsau) Date 1st quarter of the 12th century Language Latin Script Protogothic Decoration 4 full-page framed miniatures in colours and gold of the Nativity, the Holy Women at the Tomb, the Ascension, and Pentecost (ff. 1v, 27v, 33v, 35v). 2 large historiated initials (ff. 17, 41). Large initials in colours and gold, some with clasps, foliate decoration, animal heads, or other zoomorphic elements. Decorated incipit in gold letters in a framed border (f. 3v). Small initials in gold or red, a few on coloured grounds. Incipits in gold (chrysography).
Provenance ? The abbey of St Maximin at Trier, or Swabia, south Germany, possibly Hirsau (see Backhouse). f. [v] has a pasted paper 19th- or 20th-century handwritten description of the manuscript. Purchased at Sotheby's, 30 May 1840, lot 289 for Ł23.2.0 by the British Museum, using the Bridgewater fund (Ł12,000 bequeathed in 1829 by Francis Henry Egerton, 8th Earl of Bridgewater (b. 1756, d. 1829). Notes On guards with interleaving with numerous paper leaves. The miniatures and major initials were originally covered by silk curtains, which have now been removed and are stored with the original covers as Egerton 809B. These covers are blue velvet over boards, with an inset painting of Bishop Blaise, Agnes and ? Anthony Abbot.
It is found in Glossaries under the letter APosts: 22721 | Registered: Oct 2005
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^Agnes I, Abbess of Quedlinburg (Agnes of Gandersheim)
Agnes I (born c. 1090; died 29 December 1125 in Quedlinburg) was Abbess of Gandersheim and Quedlinburg.
She was the second daughter of Judith of Swabia and Władysław I Herman. She was the granddaughter of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. Agnes became abbess at Gandersheim Abbey, place of several famous women, such as Hroswitha of Gandersheim, recorded by Conrad Celtes. She was Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg from 1110 until 1126. She was excommunicated by Pope Calixtus II for her loyalty to the King of the Romans in 1119.
Gandersheim Abbey (German: Stift Gandersheim) is a former house of secular canonesses (Frauenstift) in the present town of Bad Gandersheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. It was founded in 852 by Duke Liudolf of Saxony, progenitor of the Liudolfing or Ottonian dynasty, whose rich endowments ensured its stability and prosperity. The "Imperial free secular foundation of Gandersheim" (Kaiserlich freie weltliche Reichsstift Gandersheim), as it was officially known from the 13th century to its dissolution in 1810, was a community of the unmarried daughters of the high nobility, leading a godly life but not under monastic vows, which is the meaning of the word "secular" in the title.
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The white people are crazy? He erased the black faces? This is a conspiracy against blacks. how whitened many black figures? This is combined. It can only be.
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I think with microscopes can be proven the original color. like serie CSI
Posts: 2922 | From: World Empire of the Black People | Registered: Jul 2011
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Agnes of Rome (c. 291 – c. 304) is a virgin–martyr, venerated as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, the Anglican Communion, and Lutheranism. She is one of seven women, excluding the Blessed Virgin, commemorated by name in the Canon of the Mass. She is the patron saint of chastity, gardeners, girls, engaged couples, rape victims, and virgins.
She is also known as Saint Agnes and Saint Ines. Her memorial, which commemorates her martyrdom, is 21 January in both the Roman Catholic calendar of saints and in the General Roman Calendar of 1962. The 1962 calendar includes a second feast on 28 January, which commemorates her birthday. Agnes is depicted in art with a lamb, as her name resembles the Latin word for "lamb", agnus. The name "Agnes" is actually derived from the feminine Greek adjective "hagnē" (ἁγνή) meaning "chaste, pure, sacred".
According to tradition, Saint Agnes was a member of the Roman nobility born c. 291 and raised in a Christian family. She suffered martyrdom at the age of twelve or thirteen during the reign of the Roman Emperor Diocletian, on 21 January 304.
The Prefect Sempronius wished Agnes to marry his son, and on Agnes' refusal he condemned her to death. As Roman law did not permit the execution of virgins, Sempronius had a naked Agnes dragged through the streets to a brothel.
As I always say, the White mans history is nothing but a made-up fantasy, supported by made-up artifacts. And yes malibudusul, it is a conspiracy - a very old one. The Albino fears his creator.Posts: 22721 | Registered: Oct 2005
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The Wiki-article fails to mention that Venetian Ceruse was also a bleaching agent.
Do whites use bleaching crčme’s?
I have introduced 'whitened portraits', you use 'whitenized.'
Part of the Black European Nobility held on to old esthetical rules, classical ideas of beauty, and had themselves depicted as whites; painting themselves white, and bleaching of skin: but without any intention to become white or marry whites.
So they provided these confusing portraits. But their use after 1848 is revisionism, because they fail to mention that these people were brown and black of complexion. The whites as we know them today are so since 1848.
By making the whites so powerful all through history you are not helping Blacks. Whites a small minority on this earth from the beginning, could never have been an equal force against all the black and brown people all over the world. They became a majority only in Europe, and they still are only a majority in Europe.
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Egmond - I don't really understand the logic. When you say "old esthetical rules, classical ideas of beauty" what rules and classical ideas are you talking about? Also, if medieval Blacks were bleaching their skins, then it would not be necessary to Whitenize the old artifacts, since they would have been painted as White.
But they DID Whitenize the old artifacts - more examples to follow.
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Images are whitened during the "restoration" they "clean dirt" understand dirt as brown or black skin.
The restoration is one industry to whitening of the images of black people and makes them pig people
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I'm seeing pictures of restorations. I noticed that the images of a thousand years ago or very less are restored. because that time her condition is terrible.
The restorer can do whatever you want.
In the catacombs they "cleaned the dirt" from the face of Jesus and his Disiple
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Most of the old images are restored. very suspicious with appearance of the that were painted yesterday.
A painting of two hundred years must have the appearance of two hundred years!
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posted
Black people have to deal with racist translations and with racist restorations
Posts: 2922 | From: World Empire of the Black People | Registered: Jul 2011
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quote:Originally posted by malibudusul: [QB] ORANGE????
No its red.
The majority of the ancient egyptians painted themselves as red because they were sunburnt.
The ancient egyptians were predominantly Mediterranean Caucasoids.
Btw, specifically note that afrocentrics admit that only white people sunburn - so basically they are admitting egypt was never black. Posts: 2408 | From: My mother's basement | Registered: Dec 2010
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Sure thing. Keep telling yourself that. Egyptians were all red from sun damage and many of them even died from skin cancer.
I suppose these Egyptian nobles having a party are just all red from sun burning too.
On the other end of the spectrum that is insanity...
quote:Originally posted by Mike111: In the colorless Albinos made-up fantasy world, this is St. Agnes
Yes, St. Agnes who was based on the Celtic fire goddess Agnes was really black. Posts: 26311 | From: Atlanta, Georgia, USA | Registered: Feb 2005
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quote:Originally posted by malibudusul: ORANGE?????
The paint is obviously faded as well as light shining on it making it much lighter than it really is. However, look who's doing the restoration. Judging by the man's chocolate brown complexion, he is obviously an Egyptian native.
Posts: 26311 | From: Atlanta, Georgia, USA | Registered: Feb 2005
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(Edward III died in 1377 Edward's tomb in the Confessor's chapel in Westminster Abbey was erected after 1386 when payments were made for the Purbeck marble base. The gilded bronze effigy of the king resembles in style the effigy of the Black Prince in Canterbury Cathedral. They were probably cast by the same craftsman.)
Mike malibudusul put this up. Is it real or fake ????
quote:Originally posted by Mike111: ^Fake.
Mike, are you sure this is fake, it could be a straight haired black person?
Assuming it's fake do you think it was whitenized or was made from scratch as a fake King Edward III ?
If he lived to 1377. It is said the tomb for him in Westminster Abbey was created 9 years later in 1386. Is this the time whites took over and either created or whitenized this item? Was it created at a later time? What is the time period approximatly when whites took over and and whitenized all these things or made fake white versions of these people? Was it the Thirty Years War which ended in 1648?
There are a bunch of tombs in Westminster Abbey
Tomb Effigy of Henry III (lived 1207-1272) , Westminster Abbey
They record this as being created in 1291.
When was it really created?
But are you sure it's fake? What if it's a straight haired black man? Please school us on the time frame for whitenization.
Also if this whitenization occured and whites are still in power in Europe that all the art, every last piece of it must be fake. correct? why even show any of and say it represents the actual black kings of Europe?
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these things are false. are of a thousand years ago. The termite ate the true. Certainty is fake ..
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try being born again this time black. so there will be a glorious past to be proud
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posted
From Medieval manuscript: The person responsible for Whitenizing the picture apparently didn't understand that the figures were suppose to be symmetrical in skin color too. He whitenized the living, but left the dead as was. .
quote:Originally posted by malibudusul: ORANGE?????
Umm this looks like the man is trying to make an orange complexion.
Tsssk, tssk, tssk.
Now I'll most definitely never be able to trust another thing LYIN A__ posts. Posts: 4226 | From: New Jersey, USA | Registered: Mar 2007
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By now we all know, or should know, that Busts like this are 18th, 19th, century figments of the White mans imagination.
Marcus Tullius Cicero
Wiki: Marcus Tullius Cicero, by Bertel Thorvaldsen as copy from roman original, in Thorvaldsens Museum, Copenhagen. (How come they never show the original?)
.
Now check this out.
Title: Le livre des quatre vertus (Hymn to the Virgin) Marcus Tullius Cicero
Origin France, Central (Tours) Date 1460 Language French Script: Gothic cursive Scribe: Pierre le Fevre Artists: Master of the Munich Boccaccio, perhaps one of the two sons of Jean Fouquet Provenance: Jean Le Gous, notary and secretary of Charles VII, written for him by Pierre le Fevre, colophon with the date 1460.
The picture of Cicero does not look generic, it looks specific. I can't help but think that the writer of the book had reference sources that are denied to us today. What wonders is the degenerate liar, the Albino, hiding from us?Posts: 22721 | Registered: Oct 2005
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quote:Originally posted by cassiterides: Btw, specifically note that afrocentrics admit that only white people sunburn ...
CA-SH*T-HE-RIDES....
which eediat claims that ONLY yte people sunburn...because that is most certainly NOT true...light-skinned Black People can sunburn as well....you duppybat...
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quote:Originally posted by Mike111: Here is something interesting.
By now we all know, or should know, that Busts like this are 18th, 19th, century figments of the White mans imagination.
Marcus Tullius Cicero
... Wiki: Marcus Tullius Cicero, by Bertel Thorvaldsen as copy from roman original, in Thorvaldsens Museum, Copenhagen. (How come they never show the original?)
.
Now check this out.
Title: Le livre des quatre vertus (Hymn to the Virgin) Marcus Tullius Cicero
Origin France, Central (Tours) Date 1460 Language French Script: Gothic cursive Scribe: Pierre le Fevre Artists: Master of the Munich Boccaccio, perhaps one of the two sons of Jean Fouquet Provenance: Jean Le Gous, notary and secretary of Charles VII, written for him by Pierre le Fevre, colophon with the date 1460.
The picture of Cicero does not look generic, it looks specific. I can't help but think that the writer of the book had reference sources that are denied to us today. What wonders is the degenerate liar, the Albino, hiding from us?
Nice find Mike111.
T&R, Jari, Dana, Lionese, and all the others "scholars" here who "KNOW FOR CERTAIN" that the ancient Romans were white Aryans, I hope you all are paying attention...
Virtually all of the early Roman emperors were blonde haired and light eyed.
Afrocentric nutters though reject ancient literature descriptions though don't they?
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Classical Literature Evidence of Blonde Haired Romans
There seems to have been a blonde strain among the Roman emperors and patricians, as well as the other upper or aristocratic classes in ancient Rome. This owes to their Indo-European extraction.
Roman Emperors
In my previous essay [1] the following Roman and Byzantine Emperors were revealed to be blonde (as described in numerous classical sources): Augustus (Suet. Aug. 79), Caligula (Suet. Calig. 52), Nero (Suet. Ner. 51), Titus (Cougny, Anthol. Palat. #131, p. 20), Domitian (Malalas. Chronogr. 10. 262, 340), Trajan (Anthol. Palat. xv. 9. 3; Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Number. 101), Lucius Verus (HA. Life of Verus. x. 7), Commodus (Herodian. i. 12. 5; Michael Psellos. Chronographia. 33), Didius Julianus (BMCRE 5. lxix), Constantius Chlorus (Zonaras. Epitome Historiarum. 12. 31b), Constantius II (George Cedrenus. Compendium Historiarum. p. 521), Theodosius I (Cedrenus. Compendium Historiarum. p. 552; Aur. Vict. Caes. 48. 8), Theodosius II (Cedrenus. Compendium Historiarum. p. 587), Justinian I (Historia Arcana. viii. 4ff; Gibbon, Vol. III, 1831, p. 146). Finally the Byzantine Empress Zoe Porphyrogenita was also a blonde (Michael Psellos. Chronographia. 86).
Writers
The Roman playright Plautus (b. 254 BC) who was of middle-class origins, self-described himself as red faced, potbellied and fair haired (Pl. Pseudolus. iv. 7). [2] The Roman poet Tibullus (c. 55 - 19 BC) who owned an estate and was of the noble equestrian class, ''noted for his good looks'' (see the Vita Tibulli) had yellowish (myrtea) hair (Tib. iii. 4. 26). [3]
Others
The Roman military and political leader Pompey (106 - 48 BC) was blonde (Lucan. viii. 679). Plutarch in his Life of Sulla described the Roman statesman Lucius Conrelius Sulla as golden (chrusoton) haired. The Roman Consul Flavius Felix (d. 430 AD) was also blonde haired (Po. lat. min. iv. 396, 2 p. 338 Baehr). Of Roman cognomen or gens names, many referred to blonde hair (flavus, flavi, flavum, flavian). Sieglin (1935) [4] compiled many more references to blonde haired Roman individuals.
[2] Other translations are ''fair'', ''golden'', ''auburn'' or ''red'' haired. See The Comedies of Plautus. Henry Thomas Riley. London. G. Bell and Sons. 1912.
[3] The term myrtea coma (myrrh hair) is a reference to the colour of sapwood, a yellowish or fulvous colour (dull yellowish). According to the classical translator James Grainger, Tibullus' fourth elegy of his third book contains a cryptic reference to his fair hair colour (Elegies of Tibullus, Vol. ii, 1759, p. 167, footnote) however Grainger mistranslated myrrh as auburn or red, when actual fact it is a yellowish colour.
[4] Die blonden Haare der indogermanischen Völker des Altertums, Wilhelm Sieglin, 1935.
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The following essay contains classical references to blonde Greek figures, sources were compiled by myself with the help of Sieglin (1935).
Pyrrha the mother of Hellen (the eponymous founder of the Hellenes) had red-golden hair (flavam religas comam) as described by Horace (Carm. i. 5) while her son Xuthus also derived his name from his fair hair (xanthe or xanthos). The ancient Greek lyric poet Pindar wrote that the hair of the Achaeans (Danaoi) was blonde (Nem. ix. 18). [1] [2] According to the renowned scholar Henry Liddell in his A Greek-English Lexicon (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1940) xanthos is defined as a yellow, of various shades, freq. with a tinge of red, brown, auburn. The extent of ''the shade of'' depends on the ancient Greek region or locality, since different shades of fair or yellow were known. An ancient fragment from Theophastrus for example reveals that the Spartans knew xanthon to be a whitish-yellow (e.g. fair or platinum blonde). [3] Homer however applied xanthos to a range of non-dark hair colours: auburn to blonde, chestnut (reddish-brown) and fulvious (dull yellow) shades. [4] Cambridge Ancient History (1928, vol. 2, pp. 22-23) thus defines the term xanthos as any fair shade short of a dark colour (e.g. blonde to auburn).
Classicists however have easily demonstrated that in most instances the word xanthos is applied in ancient Greek literature to standard yellow or blonde. [5]
Bacchylides wrote that the hair of the Spartans was blonde (Dith. xx. 2) while also noting of the golden hair of athletes at the Nemean Games (Ep. ix. 23). The Spartans were the Dorians (Heracleidae) who claimed descent from Heracles. According to Euripides, Heracles was yellow haired (Her. 234, 360 ff) while Pausanias (ix. 34. 5) describes his eyes as ''bright'' e.g. light blue (charops). Baccylides also describes the hair of the Athenian foot race champion Aglaos as blonde (Ep. x. 16). [6]
The poet Euripides himself is described of the fair type with freckles (Vita Eurip. 25f).
The 7th century BC Spartan poet Alcman describes his cousin Hegesichora as golden (khrusos) haired (fragment 13. 54-55 Bergk) while the Spartan poetess Megalostrata as a ''blonde-haired maiden'' (fragment 37. Bergk). Menelaus, the legendary ruler of pre-Dorian Sparta is called xanthos throughout Homer's texts (Il. ii. 284; iii. 434; Od. i. 280; iii. 168) and this was a tradition that continued into late antiquity as Tatian in the 2nd century AD described Menelaus' hair as flaxen yellow (Address to the Greeks, 10). Eustathius (c. 1115) in his commentary on the Odyssey wrote that: ''Rhadamanthys is golden haired, out of compliment to Menelaos, for Menelaos had golden hair'' (Eustath. ad Hom. iv. 564).
Sappho (who was of aristocratic origin) was dark haired (Alcaeus. fragment 55 Bergk) but her daughter Cleis is described as ''a girl whose hair is yellower than torchlight'' (Sappho. fragment 98a). [7] Furthermore Sappho's eldest brother Charaxus is found described in Ovid as golden (flava) haired (Met. xii. 210). It seems then that although Sappho herself was brunette, most members of her family were in fact blonde which confirms the dominant blonde strain of the Greek aristoi. Critias, a noble Athenian oligarch and the uncle of Plato is also described as having blonde hair (Arist. Rh. i. 15. 1375b33; Proclus. On the Timaeus. i. 81. 27 Diehl). Aleuas the eponymous founder of the royal Thessalian Aleuadae family was as well fair haired (Schol. Apollon. Argon. iii. 1190). [8] Ptolemy II Philadelphus was another blonde (Theoc. Id. xvii). [9]
The Greek tryrant ruler Dionysius I of Syracuse (d. 367 BC) had yellow hair and freckles (Val. Max. i. 7. 6). Aspasia (fl. 415 BC) a priestess [10] from Phocaea and the favourite concubine of the Persian prince Cyrus the Younger was blonde haired, the ancient writer Aelian describes her as thus: ''Of hair yellow, locks a little curling... skin delicate, complexion like roses'' (Varia Historia, xii. 1).
Professor of Ethnography Wilhelm Sieglin (1855 - 1935) in his Die blonden Haare der indogermanischen Völker des Altertums compiled many more classical references to blonde haired Greek individuals. For references to fair haired Greek Gods see my collection of these sources. [11]
Notes & References
[1] The Odes of Pindar, Penguin Classics, 1969, p. 118.
[2] Who were the Greeks? John Linton Myres, University of California Press, 1967, p. 195.
[3] Ibid, see footnote 62 quoting from Theophastrus.
[4] Horses in the Iliad are called xanthe or xanthos and so as the scholar Cyrus Herzl Gordon has noted ''The colour xanthos as applied to heroes like Achilles probably means reddish brown (rather than "fair" or "blond") because it is also applied to horses where it seems to designate "sorrel" (Before the Bible, 1973, p. 231).
[5] The ancient Greeks called the herb xanthium strumarium, a hair dye which turned dark hair light yellow, certianly not any shade or auburn, brown or red (see Myres, 1967, p. 194).
[6] Die blonden Haare der indogermanischen Völker des Altertums,Wilhelm Sieglin, 1935.
[7] Vv. 1-12: (Papyrus Hauniensis), Sappho: A New Translation, University of California Press, 1958.
[8] A Classical Dictionary, Charles Anthon, Vol. ii, 1888, p. 1431.
[9] Quoted in A History of Ancient Greece, Claude Orrieux, 1999, p. 340.
[10] Though Aspasia's family was poor, she was from a well educated priestly class.
posted
^The only thing that can be said for sure, is that degenerate, fearful, Albinos like cassiterides, have built a thick wall: made of bogus writings and artifacts, around the truth. Breaking it down, will take some time.
I have been trying to figure out when this Albino business of falsifying history began, and this manuscript is quite a surprise - if it's real.
The Book of the Queen - including 'Cent balades' (ff. 4-21), 'Le Débat du livre des ii amans' (ff. 58v-71), 'Le Livre des iii jugements' (ff. 71v-81), 'L'Épître Othéa' (ff. 95-141v), 'Le Duc des vrais amants' (ff. 143- 177v), 'Le Livre du chemin de long estude' (ff. 178-219v), 'Le Livre de la pastoure' (ff. 221-236v), 'Le Livre des Épîtres sur le Roman de la rose' (ff. 237-254), 'La Cité des dames' (ff. 288v-374), etc. Author: Christine de Pizan Origin France, Central (Paris) Date c. 1410-c. 1414 Language:French Script Gothic cursive Artists Attributed to the Master of the Cité des Dames and workshop and to the Master of the Duke of Bedford
Note the White God.
Here is a strange one, Hercules battling two lions. But Hercules was always depicted as a Black man. The solution? Depict Hercules with the filet typical of depictions of Blacks. In this particular book all mythical people appear to be depicted as White.
Blacks are only shown when they are contemporaries, i.e. when everybody knows what they look like. In this miniature of three pairs of lovers being presented to Jean de Werchin, Seneschal Prince of Hainault (Belgium), in 'Le Livre des iii jugements'. Seneschal was a contemporary, so falsely depicting him would have been stupid.
Judging by how White the three women are, Seneschal, the one other woman and the men, were probably a lot darker.
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