posted
It's clear the oldest depictions look like these flowing and later change into "something else", in the Byzantine Empire, as this group of religious believers of Hebrew origin are being accepted.
"Like many kingdoms in antiquity and leading into the Middle Ages, religious devotion was of great importance in nearly all aspects of life. Integrated into the Roman empire, the city-state of Byzantium maintained and even shared polytheistic beliefs into the 4th century AD until the rule of Emperor Constantine began in AD 306. Revolutionary in restructuring the Roman empire as a whole, he was responsible in part for the Edict of Milan in AD 313 that lifted persecution on Christian worshipers throughout the empire as well as moving the Roman capital out of Rome and into the city-state of Byzantium, renaming it Constantinople in AD 330. During this time, sentiment toward Christianity improved as reparations were paid back to those who lost due to past persecution. Some speculate that Constantine looked to reestablish and improve relations with Christianity, not as an act of good will or personal desire for social reform, but out of fear for what he believed the one true god" http://www.byzconf.org/religion-byzantine-empire/
Marvelous mosaic of Christ Pantocrator (“ruler over all”) from the Hagia Sophia in Instanbul. It is the central figure of the so called Deësis mosaic (Δέησις, "Entreaty") which probably dates from a relatively late 1261. It is considered by many to be the finest mosaic in Hagia Sophia.
The oldest known icon depicting Jesus Christ (6th century) in Saint Catherine's Monastery, Egypt.
In Christian iconography, Christ Pantocrator (Greek: Χριστὸς Παντοκράτωρ)[1] is a specific depiction of Christ. Pantocrator or Pantokrator, usually translated as "Almighty" or "all-powerful", is derived from one of many names of God in Judaism. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christ_PantocratorPosts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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Mural painting from the catacomb of Commodilla. Bust of Christ. This is one of first bearded images of Christ. Earlier Christian art in Rome portrayed Jesus most often as the Good Shepherd, disguised as Orpheus, young, beardless and in a short tunic. During the 4th century Jesus was beginning to be depicted as a man of identifiably Jewish appearance, with a full beard and long hair, a style not usually worn by Romans. The symbols on either side are Alpha and Omega signifying "I am the beginning and the end".
"Catacombs of Commodilla, on the Via Ostiensis, contain one of the earliest images of a bearded Christ. They originally held the relics of Saints Felix and Adauctus. The hypogeum leading to the catacombs was built in the fourth century. The catacombs were used for burials until the sixth century. Later, as happened to other Christian underground cemeteries, it was transformed into a place of worship of martyrdom: restoration of the basilica underground were made by several popes until the ninth century, a sign that the catacombs were still at that time a place of pilgrimage of devout Christians.
There were also found coins bearing the effigy of Pope Gregory IV (827-844) Pope Leo IV (847-855) finally gave the relics of the martyrs Felix and Adautto the wife of Emperor Lothair. Following the catacombs were abandoned and fell into oblivion. It was discovered in 1595 by archaeologist Antonio Bosio, but the first to identify it as that of Commodilla was in the nineteenth century, Giovanni Battista de Rossi. Restoration campaigns were performed at the beginning of the twentieth century and led to the complete excavation of the second level cemetery." spottinghistory.com
There are older catacombs, the catacomb of Priscilla, Rome, late 2nd century – 4th century C.E.
The Niche with the oldest image in existence of the Virgin Mary
posted
Clearly the early art from the 2nd to 4th/5th century was different and something for some reason the art form changed. And from the Medieval "4th / 5th century" early Christian art the transition took place.
2-4 c. AC
Noah praying in the Ark, from a Roman catacomb
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: what change are you referring to?
Medieval art.
quote:"Conversion to Judaism was common in Rome in the first centuries BC and AD. Judaism gained many followers among all ranks of Roman Society [10-13]."
~Avshalom Zoossmann-Diskin1,2,3 et al. 1 Department of Haematology and Genetic Pathology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia 2 Department of Human Genetics, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel 3 Current Address: Blood Bank, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel
quote:Many assure us that the Jews are descended from those Ethiopians who were driven by fear and hatred to emigrate from their home country when Cepheus was king. There are some who say that a motley collection of landless Assyrians occupied a part of Egypt, and then built cities of their own, inhabiting the lands of the Hebrews and the nearer parts of Syria. Others again find a famous ancestry for the Jews in the Solymi who are mentioned with respect in the epics of Homer: this tribe is supposed to have founded Jerusalem (4) and named it after themselves.
~Cornelius Tacitus (AD 55 - 117), The Histories by Cornelius Tacitus.
The Shepherd of Hermas, or the Good Shepherd, 3rd century, Catacombs of Rome.
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: [QB] Clearly the early art from the 2nd to 4th/5th century was different and something for some reason the art form changed.
If this art was made 200 or more years after the death of Jesus, if there was an actual Jesus would he at the age of his death, 33 would he and his disciples have likely had beards or not ?
Posts: 42919 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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Tukuler
multidisciplinary Black Scholar
Member # 19944
posted
Just teasing Ish and tL How that be Shimshon and he got no 7 dreadlocks? HeHee
quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: [QB] Clearly the early art from the 2nd to 4th/5th century was different and something for some reason the art form changed.
If this art was made 200 or more years after the death of Jesus, if there was an actual Jesus would he at the age of his death, 33 would he and his disciples have likely had beards or not ?
"to administer the rite of baptism to," c. 1300, from Old French batisier "be baptized; baptize; give a name to" (11c.),from Latin baptizare, from Greek baptizein "immerse, dip in water," also figuratively, "be over one's head" (in debt, etc.), "to be soaked (in wine);" in Christian use, "baptize;" from baptein "to dip, steep, dye, color," perhaps from PIE root *gwabh- (1) "to dip, sink." Christian baptism originally was a full immersion. Related: Baptized; baptizing." https://www.etymonline.com/word/baptize?ref=etymonline_crossreference
the Anointed," synonymous with and translating to Greek Hebrew mashiah (see messiah), a title given to Jesus of Nazareth; Old English crist (by 830, perhaps 675), from Latin Christus, from Greek khristos "the anointed," noun use of verbal adjective of khriein "to rub, anoint" (from PIE root *ghrei- "to rub”). https://www.etymonline.com/word/christ
Anyway,
“At that time also there appeared a certain man of magic power … if it be meet to call him a man, [whose name is Jesus], whom [certain] Greeks call a son of [a] God, but his disciples [call] the true prophet who is supposed to have raised dead persons and to have cured all diseases. Both his nature and his form were human, for he was a man of simple appearance, mature age, black-skinned (melagchrous), short growth, three cubits tall, hunchbacked, prognathous (lit. ‘with a long face [macroprosopos]), a long nose, eyebrows meeting above the nose, that the spectators could take fright, with scanty [curly] hair, but having a line in the middle of the head after the fashion of the Nazaraeans, with an undeveloped beard. (*Halōsis, ii.174).”[4] ~Alfred C Haddon, History of Anthropology (London:Watts and Co.,1934) pg. 6.
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: [QB] Clearly the early art from the 2nd to 4th/5th century was different and something for some reason the art form changed.
If this art was made 200 or more years after the death of Jesus, if there was an actual Jesus would he at the age of his death, 33 would he and his disciples have likely had beards or not ?
I am confused by your question.
What confuses you about the question? Is it that you don't think Jesus existed?
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At one point he didn't have that long hair (braids / dreads). If we have to belief the storyline.
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: Clearly the early art from the 2nd to 4th/5th century was different and something for some reason the art form changed.
If this art was made 200 or more years after the death of Jesus, if there was an actual Jesus would he at the age of his death, 33 would he and his disciples have likely had beards or not ?
I am confused by your question.
This art form Rome we have been looking at was made 200 or more years after the death of Jesus. In several of these scenes, they appear to be depicting the last supper, so Jesus was said to have been in his thirties then.
So if he came from a particular background is it likely in reality he and some of his disciples would have had beards?
Posts: 42919 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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I am talking about the filter that is used on the images you keep posting. That is why they look unclear (blurry). Whereas the images I posted is crisp clear, where you can see the fine details of the pixels.
Full-resolution preview of the 2550 x 3507 image.
Tutorial 1: Image Filtering
Whether we're aware of it or not, computer vision is everywhere in our daily lives. For one, filtered photos are ubiquitous in our social media feeds, news articles, magazines, books—everywhere! Turns out, if you think of images as functions mapping locations in images to pixel values, then filters are just systems that form a new, and preferably enhanced, image from a combination of the original image's pixel values.
quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: Clearly the early art from the 2nd to 4th/5th century was different and something for some reason the art form changed.
If this art was made 200 or more years after the death of Jesus, if there was an actual Jesus would he at the age of his death, 33 would he and his disciples have likely had beards or not ?
I am confused by your question.
This art form Rome we have been looking at was made 200 or more years after the death of Jesus. In several of these scenes, they appear to be depicting the last supper, so Jesus was said to have been in his thirties then.
So if he came from a particular background is it likely in reality he and some of his disciples would have had beards?
As I said to Brandon. I posted on a few books that have been published on this material. I haven't read these books myself, but I think these will answer those questions. Have you read these books?
SCHOLARS 20 FOR 20 #1 DR RICHARD S. HESS "PASSOVER, PROPHECIES, DEUT 28, EMAR, MARI"
this a commercial picture made by a company that sells prints. In my opinion this image has been put into a photo editor and has been desaturated of color, meaning a significant amount of color removed. I say this because this company also sells a version with the disciples and it has more color in it like other images of it does. I don't believe that the actual painting in the catacombs is virtually all browns like this with only slight hints of color. The photo that I posted from the catacomb's website does not show it looking as brown like this and lacking in other color
Posts: 42919 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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This is the closest to the real there is, which can be validated by www.domitilla.info.
what in particular is on this page that you think validates?
You need to mail the people from Bee Hive Publishing, Fine Arts. They told that domitilla.info can verify the authenticity of what they sell.
"The catacombs are dug out of tufa stone, a soft stone of volcanic origin on which the whole of Rome is built. Sometimes the galleries were obtained by reusing already existing passageways (water-conduits or quarries) or, as happened most often, they were freshly dug out of the tufa . The oldest tombs are the ones higher up: when there was no more space left, the grave diggers lowered the floor level or continued the gallery along even further, creating different storeys, one above the other, with connecting stairway" http://www.domitilla.info./idx.htm?var1=docs/en01.htmPosts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: this a commercial picture made by a company that sells prints. In my opinion this image has been put into a photo editor and has been desaturated of color, meaning a significant amount of color removed. I say this because this company also sells a version with the disciples and it has more color in it like other images of it does. I don't believe that the actual painting in the catacombs is virtually all browns like this with only slight hints of color. The photo that I posted from the catacomb's website does not show it looking as brown like this and lacking in other color
Your opinion is irrelevant babble anyway and anyhow. That is from a historical point of view, an artistic point of view, photographically point of view and a theologian point of view.
Desaturated of color doesn't make the image become clearer details, as we see in that image. It will emphases the colors to spark more depending how much desaturated of color is selected. The images you've posted could be desaturated of color as well. Fact is, those are blurry and not sharp in contrast. In other words, those lack pixels.
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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This is the closest to the real there is, which can be validated by www.domitilla.info.
what in particular is on this page that you think validates?
You need to mail the people from Bee Hive Publishing, Fine Arts. They told that domitilla.info can verify the authenticity of what they sell.
"The catacombs are dug out of tufa stone, a soft stone of volcanic origin on which the whole of Rome is built. Sometimes the galleries were obtained by reusing already existing passageways (water-conduits or quarries) or, as happened most often, they were freshly dug out of the tufa . The oldest tombs are the ones higher up: when there was no more space left, the grave diggers lowered the floor level or continued the gallery along even further, creating different storeys, one above the other, with connecting stairway" http://www.domitilla.info./idx.htm?var1=docs/en01.htm
Stop the BS, you are merely quoting a description of an artifact that this company Beehive Publishing is using to sell an image. This does not mean that the website of the catacomb, domitilla.info is validating the image.
Just like a company could make an image of the Mona Lisa, it could be from a real photo an enhanced real photo or a completely redone image and then they could quote the Louvre's description of the original painting that does not mean the Louvre is endorsing the image they are selling as authentic.
We can only speculate here. True validation would have to begin with a photographer's name
Posts: 42919 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: Your opinion is irrelevant babble anyway and anyhow.
No, you just have a habit of being condescending
All you do is babble a lot.
Here is another enlarged images showing clear pixels and details of the art, even the stone is clear.
EARLY CHRISTIAN PAINTER, Italian (active 2nd century in Rome)
Last Supper
2nd century Fresco Catacombs of Domitilla, Rome
The Catacombs of Domitilla on the Via Appia Antica in Rome (named after Saint Domitilla) spread over 17 kilometres of underground caves.
They are the oldest of Rome's underground burial networks, and the only ones to still contain bones. They are also the best preserved and one of the most extensive of all the catacombs. Included in their passages are a 2nd-century fresco of the Last Supper and other valuable artifacts.
quote:Originally posted by the lioness,: Stop the BS, you are merely quoting a description of an artifact that this company Beehive Publishing is using to sell an image. This does not mean that the website of the catacomb, domitilla.info is validating the image.
Just like a company could make an image of the Mona Lisa, it could be from a real photo an enhanced real photo or a completely redone image and then they could quote the Louvre's description of the original painting that does not mean the Louvre is endorsing the image they are selling as authentic.
We can only speculate here. True validation would have to begin with a photographer's name
I quoted the description because you ask dumb s*t. I don't work for that company, so how the hell am I supposed to answer that question? As I said, you need to mail the people from Bee Hive Publishing, Fine Arts. They told that domitilla.info can verify the authenticity of what they sell.
I posted on a few books that have been published on this material. I haven't read these books myself, but I think these will answer those questions. Have you read these books?
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: I quoted the description because you ask dumb s*t. I don't work for that company, so how the hell am I supposed to answer that question?
No you were trying to trick people into thinking that the website of the catacomb validated a particular picture you posted when it didn't.
All you quoted was a commercial company selling a particular image using the description of the original artifact of the photo to sell the image. It does not validate the image they used as authentic. You seem to be having an emotional tantrum now
Posts: 42919 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: I quoted the description because you ask dumb s*t. I don't work for that company, so how the hell am I supposed to answer that question?
No you were trying to trick people into thinking that the website of the catacomb validated a particular picture you posted when it didn't.
All you quoted was a commercial company selling a particular image using the description of the original artifact of the photo to sell the image. It does not validate the image they used as authentic. You seem to be having an emotional tantrum now
You lack understanding of photography, that's the problem here. Bee Hive Publishing, Fine Arts made that statement, not me.
In other words, you need to contact Bee Hive Publishing, Fine Art or www.domitilla.info for further validation of this piece of artwork", not me. You are weird.
I also explained to you why on image is blurry will the those I posted are clear in pixels. The second reason why the images you show are small is because of the low pixel resolutions and filters they've used. The third issue is that you have an issue with Black/ dark skinned people. It's something deep rooted within you.
All you need to do is click to link and the image for it to blow up.
I posted on a few books that have been published on this material. I haven't read these books myself, but I think these will answer those questions. Have you read these books? HAVE YOU?
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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Both of these images are sold by Fine Art as prints on canvas and they are made by Beehive Publishing
I think they are probably the same photo, the top is just a finer resolution but some color removed in editing. So while it is at a finer resolution than the lower (which is not how they sell it, they sell it as a much bigger picture with some of the apostles on it) I believe it is the same original photo as the lower one except that in the upper one they removed color.
So one image has finer detail in terms of what has been uploaded to the internet and the other more accurate color
Posts: 42919 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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Both of these images are sold by Fine Art as prints on canvas and they are made by Beehive Publishing
I think they are probably the same photo, the top is just a finer resolution but some color removed in editing. So while it is at a finer resolution than the lower (which is not how they sell it, they sell it as a much bigger picture with some of the apostles on it) I believe it is the same original photo as the lower one except that in the upper one they removed color.
So one image has finer detail in terms of what has been uploaded to the internet and the other more accurate color [/QB]
I posted on a few books that have been published on this material. I haven't read these books myself, but I think these will answer those questions. Have you read these books? HAVE YOU?
I am not going to argue for days over a picture, while you lack basic understanding of art and photography. When you take a picture and stretch it the same pixels will remain and the image will be come unclear.
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: IMBICILE I posted on a few books that have been published on this material. I haven't read these books myself, but I think these will answer those questions. Have you read these books? HAVE YOU?
what would reading a book have to do with assessing the quality of commercial prints of a painting? Have a beer
Posts: 42919 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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quote:Originally posted by Ish Geber: IMBICILE I posted on a few books that have been published on this material. I haven't read these books myself, but I think these will answer those questions. Have you read these books? HAVE YOU?
what would reading a book have to do with assessing the quality of commercial prints of a painting? Have a beer
Perhaps because they elaborate on the images, you dumb dumb? Perhaps they are the experts on the topic, you dumb dumb?
Your assessment is pseudo at best, meanwhile you post these small pixilated images. And now you are skimming the internet for this image to make a point. lol
All you need to do is click the link and the image for it to blow up, to put a hole in your pseudo babbling theory.
Wake up? People are getting tired of your continues stupid babble. That's the annoying part.
You can't take the images in it's original format and stretch it, because the pixels will stretch, which result in a blurry image. Only from the raw material you have more pixels to blow up the image to the maximum resolution. Despite of this we still somewhat can see the details in the stone structure. But due to the stretch of pixels it became blurry.
you posted this link. I had already seen it and the way it enlarges What's your point? What is this link supposed prove?
Posts: 42919 | From: , | Registered: Jan 2010
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you posted this link. I had already seen it. What's your point?
You are not bright enough to get the point. It is what it is.
As I said, have a nice day.
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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Tukuler
multidisciplinary Black Scholar
Member # 19944
posted
Shimshon had dreadlocks. Shimshon didn't have braids.
He was a Nazir from birth.
A nazir may not use comb, scissors, or razor. I first heard this from Yard Rastas. Within a decade I acquired Yale's Maimonides Mishneh Torah where under the laws for nazarites comb, scissors, and razor are forbidden as part of a vow to God Himself.
Where did the founders of Rastafari learn Talmudic Judaism if not handed down from their Xaimaka Israelite forefathers?
Dreadlocks are a vow. Locs are a hairstyle stripped of sanctity, stolen from an African symbol of dedication to a deity.
On this South Africa release album Dan Nkosi warns about styling "Not to crucify them 'locks Why Because it's a vow between them and their God" in the song Reggae Prince
quote:Originally posted by BrandonP: Do we know who was painting these images? They look rather Roman in style.
Perhaps this can conform a historical connection.
quote: Egyptian Tomb in Israel
The discovery of an Egyptian-style tomb at Tel Halif in the Negev Desert suggests an Egyptian colonial presence in southern Israel ca. 3000 B.C. Most burials in the region are in caves or shaft tombs attributed to the Canaanites, but this one, built during the Early Bronze 1B period (3300-3000 B.C.), is typical of contemporary tombs in Egypt, according to excavators Thomas Levy of the University of California, San Diego, and David Alon of the Joe Alon Regional Research Center in Israel. A 30-foot-long passageway descends to the burial chamber, which is about 26 feet long, 16 feet wide, and nine and one-half feet high. Within the dome-shaped chamber is a plastered stone platform on which the skeleton of a woman was found. About 25 years old when she died, she was found in a fetal position facing east, characteristic of Egyptian burials.
That an Egyptian was buried at Tel Halif "gives us evidence of a full-blown Egyptian colony in Israel right after the crystallization of the first Egyptian state," says Levy. "Egyptians were known to have very profound and elaborate belief systems about the afterlife and what was required to get there. One of these requirements was to die and be properly entombed on Egyptian soil. I think it's very likely that this part of southern Israel was considered part of greater Egypt during this period."
Egyptian ceramics, seal impressions, and bread molds found at Tel Halif support an Egyptian occupation. Among these artifacts is a potsherd engraved with the serekh, or sign, of King Narmer, who is believed to have united Upper and Lower Egypt between 3050 and 3000 B.C.
Ancient Faces: Romano-Egyptian Mummy Portrait of a Bearded Man
Place: Egypt (Place created) Date: about 150 – 170 This image is housed at the Getty Villa. This is an educational center and museum dedicated to the study of the arts and cultures of ancient Greece, Rome, and Etruria. The collection has 44,000 Greek, Roman, and Etruscan antiquities dating from 6,500 BC to 400 AD.
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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I lisened to this broadcast. One thing I an tell you is that most light skinned Berbers will not take it lightly to call them white Africans. There are some with coon mentality, but most who are light complexioned don't like to be called white.
To use the "Beetle Juice guy" as proposition is odd, since his face is somewhat disfigured.
That Nefertiti thing is still a slap in the face. Hoda Kotb was standing there, looking at some fake statue these people made to look like the Kelly Cobiella, who unveiled the fake statue.
Just to make sure what Brianna Seagraves is talking about here:
Posts: 22234 | From: האם אינכם כילדי הכרית אלי בני ישראל | Registered: Nov 2010
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posted
Interesting, I like to think of them as yellow bones & rebounds who genetically African even if they dont fit the idea on what a African person should phenotypically be,outside the appropriate name they call themselves.
Posts: 1123 | From: New York | Registered: Feb 2016
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quote:Originally posted by Thereal: Interesting, I like to think of them as yellow bones & rebounds who genetically African even if they dont fit the idea on what a African person should phenotypically be,outside the appropriate name they call themselves.
Some of them would be considered a "quadroon", who show narrowed or slimmed down features, but of the similar traits.
I decided to look into this topic on Youtube. And this is what this Catholic pastor, Fr. William Nicholas, explained about the book of revelation. And the vision at the Island of Patmos.
He speaks of feet gleamed like polished brass.
"The Book of Revelation begins with the First Vision of John, of the one from whom he receives the Revelation, Jesus Christ, of whom he gives a very vivid description."
posted
Earliest Images of Jesus Christ, Brother Cody.
While these are icons/idols of the Eastern Orthodox Church, the point must be made that these are historical pictures and that Jesus Christ is a Black man for the sake of Truth. This is also shown in his bodily description in Revelation.
quote: The Jordan Lead Codices, (or the Jordanian Codices), are a collection of codices allegedly found in a cave in Jordan and first publicized in March 2011. A number of scholars and a November 2012 regional BBC News investigation have pronounced them fakes. In December 2016, a radioactivity test performed at the University of Surrey's Ion Beam Centre confirmed the old age of the lead used, but not the inscriptions. As of 2017, both the Israeli Antiquities Authority (IAA) and the Jordanian archaeological department regard them as forgeries.
On 3 March 2011 The Jewish Chronicle ran an interview with a metallurgist named Robert Feather, who it stated was trying to authenticate a collection of 20 metal books which could be linked to the Kabbalah. These items were in the possession of an Israeli Bedouin farmer named Hassan Saeda, who claimed that they had been found by his great-grandfather in a cave a century ago. It added that a piece of leather from the find had already been carbon dated to 2,000 years ago. The article reported that the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) considered them inauthentic and worthless, saying the books are a "mixture of incompatible periods and styles without any connection or logic. Such forged motifs can be found in their thousands in the antiquities markets of Jordan and elsewhere in the Middle East". It added that Professor André Lemaire, an epigrapher and director of studies at the École pratique des hautes études, said the inscriptions he has seen make no sense and that it was "a question apparently of sophisticated fakes".[1]
On 22 March 2011 David Elkington issued a press release stating that a hoard of ancient books made of lead and copper, together with other artefacts, probably dating from the 1st century AD, had been found in Jordan, and that they might predate the writings of St. Paul and that "leading academics" believed they might be as important as the Dead Sea Scrolls.[2] Elkington also stated that the items were discovered 5 years previously in a cave by a Jordanian Bedouin and smuggled into Israel, where they were at risk of sale on the black market or of destruction.[2] Media outlets quickly picked up the story.
Elkington stated that the find consisted of "up to 70 ring-bound books (codices) made of lead and copper. Many of them are sealed on all sides. Scrolls, tablets and other artefacts, including an incense bowl, were also found at the same site. Some of the lead pages are written in a form of archaic Hebrew script with ancient messianic symbols. Some of the writing appears to be in a form of code." In the press release he stated that his team included biblical scholars Margaret Barker and Philip R. Davies.[2]
-------------------- It's not my burden to disabuse the ignorant of their wrong opinions Posts: 2699 | From: New York | Registered: Jun 2015
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You have to understand that "Jesus Christ" is a symbol of the life force, the sun/solar cycle/life/death/regeneration, the word/logos. None of these are "human" characteristics as opposed to characteristics of nature and the physical universe. And as such ancient cultures separated these as attributes of divine origin in their cosmologies. However, later groups like the Greeks and Romans syncretized many of these ideas into all encompassing entities such as Serapis, which took on the appearance of the idealized man. And from that some would say came the prototype of Jesus. But at the end of the day, it doesn't matter the outward appearance of the human used to represent it, as opposed to understanding the symbol it represents. And this is where the early Christian church had so many problems with priests from older cultures who were against the idea of a "flesh and blood" Jesus Christ as it removed the underlying meaning behind the figure. But either way, there are various images of Christ from the ancient and modern world where some are black, some are Asian and some are European, because the figure is supposed to be an archetype. That said given the historical description of Jesus and where he lived it makes sense that his skin complexion could have been much darker.
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